Information needed for coastal management: perceptions of research and protection of shorebirds on a coastal beach are influenced by visitor type, age and gender

Abstract

Protection of shorebirds along coasts where they congregate during migration is an important conservation goal, yet little is known about the reasons that attract people to beaches. Data on perceptions can be used to develop and implement educational and conservation programs, enhancing both visitor experiences and shorebird survival. Urbanization is encroaching on many beaches and estuaries that are necessary stopover sites for migrant birds. This study examines perceptions of visitors at 9 Delaware Bay beaches during the critical northward shorebird migration using interviews (N = 279). We examine the hypothesis that visitors come to Delaware Bay beaches mainly to see the shorebirds (including Red Knots, Calidris canutus rufa) and the crabs whose eggs sustain the shorebirds. Only 60 % of visitors were there primarily to see the shorebirds and crabs, the rest were there for the scenery, tranquility, shing, or other recreation activities, despite access restrictions. Even when asked what makes the beach attractive, from 17 % (people interested in birds) to 62 % (people interested in crabs) listed tranquility and scenery. Older people rated the importance of research and protection of shorebirds (and crabs) higher than younger people. Over 40 % did not want to see any changes to beaches, while 28 % wanted to see improvements, and 24 % wanted to see more restoration and conservation. Nearly 60% said these beaches would be less attractive if there were more people. These perceptions can aid managers, conservationists and communities improve beaches for both migratory shorebirds and human use.