Information Integration in a Smart City System—A Case Study on Air Pollution Removal by Green Infrastructure through a Vehicle Smart Routing System

Abstract

Over the past few years, the ‘‘smart city’’ concept has emerged as a new trend to answer challenging issues related to urban development. Transformation of a city system into a smart system is meant to improve the quality of life for its people and their way of living, its environment, economy, transport, and governance. Due to benefits associated with the concept of the smart city and associated implementation challenges, traditional city systems have been undergoing transformation into smart city systems. However, observed approaches of transformation presented disconnected and fragmented city systems that usually hamper the interaction of city subsystems with the efficient and environmentally friendly urban environment. This work emphasizes the systematic view of a city system and proposes a novel method of smart city system integration. The results of our study show that in a smart city environment, where ecosystem services are valorised, air pollution emitted by vehicles can be removed by taking into consideration information related to air pollution reduction. A case study is presented to demonstrate that, with an integrated system, information outputs on travel decisions are different and more valuable. The case study explores the operability of the system, its limitations, and potential future improvements.

Research Models and Methodologies on the Smart City: A Systematic Literature Review

“…The research analysis over the past ten years shows that exploratory studies account for the largest amount, with 308 (80.4%), followed by descriptive studies, with 50 (13.1%), and explanatory studies, with 25 (6.5%) (Table 6). In exploratory research, which explores ideas related to smart cities and suggests future directions, a study that proposed an environmentally friendly smart city system (Muvuna et al) [43] and a study that seeks to promote interaction among members of smart cities (Aldelaimi et al; Devi et al) [35,44] were included. In descriptive research, which describes smart city-related phenomena and presenting indicators and standards, ten real estate development projects worldwide (Moch and Wreda) [45] and in Lithuania were evaluated according to the smart city real estate development evaluation framework.…”

Smart-Mobility Services for Climate Mitigation in Urban Areas: Case Studies of Baltic Countries and Germany

“…Some necessary insights about real time information about expected impact on CO 2 emissions and energy savings from public transport and electronic bikesharing systems are counted in the CISMOB study [9]. Moreover, a vehicle smart routing system was a useful tool for assessing how air pollution caused by vehicles could be minimized by taking ecosystem services (green areas) into account [22]. Even if the impact on the environment in a real-time location based shared smart parking system was not assessed, it is found to be useful time saving solution for air pollution and efficient traffic management [25,26].…”

“…Accordingly, many studies about the environmental impact of smart-mobility applications were performed. Positive results for air-pollution reduction were found by applying mobile monitoring systems [16], traffic performance measurement [17] and bicycle-sharing systems [18,19], as well as of public transport promotion [19,20], shared mobility [21], smart vehicle routing systems [22] and Maas technologies [23]. The potential of reducing GHG emissions by using dynamic trip-planning and ticketing services, on-demand minibuses, and first-and last-mile ridesharing in Mexico City, London and San Francisco has been analyzed by Canales et al [24].…”

Evaluating the Value of Vegetation Ecosystem Services in District 16 of Tehran Municipality using the i-Tree Model

“…Ecosystem services provided by vegetation can be examined from an economic perspective, and various economic evaluation models can be analyzed better to understand the value of these services (Muvuna et al, 2020). This study aims to estimate the rst time an ecosystem service eliminates air pollution by vegetation in one of the key urban areas in Tehran.…”