Information Hiding Algorithm for PDF417 Barcode

Xue, L.; Chao, Yuhai; Liu, Lianshan; Zhang, Xiujuan

doi:10.1109/icnc.2009.266

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Additionally, the watermark in the frequency domain may encounter capture problems, resulting in incorrect watermark results. Methods [ 14 , 15 ] use the adjustment of the module’s height and width to embed the watermark. Their generated barcodes require additional equipment to calculate the module’s height and width differences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their generated barcodes require additional equipment to calculate the module’s height and width differences. Moreover, existing barcode scanners cannot directly identify and extract the secrets of their generated barcodes, thus reducing practicality [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the schemes [ 16 , 17 ] and our approach conceal the secrets in QR codes by adjusting the QR modules directly. The computational complexity of the methods [ 16 , 17 ] and our system is lower than the related works [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Our designed concealment and extraction operations are based on the QR code specifications and can be utilized on mobile applications or scanning devices without additional equipment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers such as [ 14 , 15 ] directly embed the watermark into the barcode by adjusting the height and width of the barcode modules. The module is the black or white square of the barcode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different from the schemes presented in [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], Chiang et al proposed a blind QR code steganographic approach based on the error correction capability [ 16 ]. Their method [ 16 ] effectively exploits the error correction properties of QR codes and adapts the QR module to embed secrets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A Confidential QR Code Approach with Higher Information Privacy

Lin

Lan

Chen

et al. 2022

Entropy

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In present times, barcode decoders on mobile phones can extract the data content of QR codes. However, this convenience raises concerns about security issues when using QR codes to transmit confidential information, such as e-tickets, coupons, and other private data. Moreover, current secret hiding techniques are unsuitable for QR code applications since QR codes are module-oriented, which is different from the pixel-oriented hiding manner. In this article, we propose an algorithm to conceal confidential information by changing the modules of the QR Code. This new scheme designs the triple module groups based on the concept of the error correction capability. Additionally, this manner can conceal two secret bits by changing only one module, and the amount of hidden confidential information can be twice the original amount. As a result, the ordinary data content (such as URL) can be extracted correctly from the generated QR code by any barcode decoders, which does not affect the readability of scanning. Furthermore, only authorized users with the secret key can further extract the concealed confidential information. This designed scheme can provide secure and reliable applications for the QR system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%