Information-Centric Networking for VANETs

Abstract

The peculiarities of the vehicular environment, characterized by dynamic topologies, unreliable broadcast channels, short-lived and intermittent connectivity, call into the question the capabilities of existing IP-based networking solutions to support the wide set of initially conceived and emerging vehicular applications. The research community is currently exploring groundbreaking approaches to transform the Internet. Among them, the Information-Centric Networking (ICN) paradigm appears as a promising solution to tackle the aforementioned challenges. By leveraging innovative concepts, such as named content, name-based routing, and in-network content caching, ICN well suits scenarios in which applications specify what they search for and not where they expect it to be provided and all that is required is a localized communication exchange. In this chapter, solutions are presented that rely on Content-Centric Networking (CCN), the most studied ICN approach for vehicular networks. The potential of ICN as the key enabler of the emerging vehicular cloud computing paradigm is also discussed. road safety and traffic efficiency, and additional commercial, informative, and entertainment services to drivers and passengers, providing revenues to the car manufacturers and service providers.The unique features of VANETs like the fast changing topology, the short-lived intermittent connectivity, the wide set of conceived applications with heterogeneous requirements, and the harsh propagation conditions heavily challenge the traditional end-to-end host-centric Internet paradigm. The TCP/IP protocol stack is notoriously ineffective in mobile wireless environments and problems are further exacerbated in VANETs.The Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) protocol stack (see Chap. 2) has been specifically conceived to overstep mentioned issues and support the exchange of time-sensitive safety-critical short messages and traffic management messages without the IP overhead through the new lightweight WAVE Short Message Protocol (WSMP) [15]. At the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, IEEE 802.11p [12] also adds a new operational mode that facilitates communications in the hostile vehicular environment by allowing nodes that are not member of a Basic Service Set (BSS) to transmit data without preliminary authentication and association. This mode, referred to as outside the context of a BSS (OCB) [15], is worthy in a VANET as it significantly reduces access delay and signaling overhead.Granted these preliminary attempts from the standard to cope with the high dynamicity of VANETs, the WAVE stack nevertheless leverages the traditional TCP/UDP/IPv6 protocols for the exchange of non-safety data.Rather, many vehicular services, due to time and space relevance (e.g., locationbased services, road congestion information), would benefit from consumer-driven protocols for information dissemination that exploit in-network data caching and replication [6].The latter concepts are among the main pillars of Information-Centric Netwo...

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