Influenza Viruses: Innate Immunity and mRNA Vaccines

Lee, SangJoon; Ryu, Jin‐Hyeob

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.710647

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Recently developed mRNA-based vaccines have demonstrated great promise after proven efficacious against severe COVID-19 outcomes, including hospitalization and death. HA based mRNA vaccines are in clinical trials, as reviewed in ( 230 ) and may have some advantages over conventional inactivated influenza vaccines ( 231 – 233 ). Another approach is to develop a next generation influenza vaccine which triggers heterosubtypic or heterologous immunity ( 234 ).…”

Section: Influenzamentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Vaccine Development: Cues From Natural Immunity

et al. 2022

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Traditional vaccine development against infectious diseases has been guided by the overarching aim to generate efficacious vaccines normally indicated by an antibody and/or cellular response that correlates with protection. However, this approach has been shown to be only a partially effective measure, since vaccine- and pathogen-specific immunity may not perfectly overlap. Thus, some vaccine development strategies, normally focused on targeted generation of both antigen specific antibody and T cell responses, resulting in a long-lived heterogenous and stable pool of memory lymphocytes, may benefit from better mimicking the immune response of a natural infection. However, challenges to achieving this goal remain unattended, due to gaps in our understanding of human immunity and full elucidation of infectious pathogenesis. In this review, we describe recent advances in the development of effective vaccines, focusing on how understanding the differences in the immunizing and non-immunizing immune responses to natural infections and corresponding shifts in immune ontogeny are crucial to inform the next generation of infectious disease vaccines.

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Section: Influenzamentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Vaccine Development: Cues From Natural Immunity

et al. 2022

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“…The innate immune system represents the first line of immune response against mRNA vaccination. During the vaccination, the mRNA is recognized by various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are responsible for producing IFNs and proinflammatory cytokines [31].…”

Section: Innate Immune Responses Against Mrna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Approved COVID-19 Vaccines: The Road to Cancer Vaccines

Saldanha

Vale

2022

IJTM

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In the past decade, mRNA vaccines have been highly discussed as a promising therapy for cancer. With the pandemic of COVID-19, some researchers redirected their studies to the development of a new vaccine for COVID-19 due to the urgent need. With the pandemic’s deceleration due to the vaccines’ success, the research and development of mRNA vaccines have turned to cancer again. Considering the new evidence and results generated by the vaccination of millions of people with mRNA vaccines, this article intends to provide a perspective on how the results from COVID-19 vaccination could now provide new insights for the development of an mRNA cancer vaccine. Many lessons were learned, and new evidence is available to re-focus and enhance the potential of the mRNA technology to cancer. Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna’s mRNA technologies, and their significant advancements, allowed mRNA to overcome many of the challenges and blockers related to this platform in the past, now providing a new breadth of hope on using the mRNA technology to treat many diseases, namely cancer. This study also reports a better understanding of how it was possible to boost an accelerated development process of COVID-19 vaccines from a regulatory point of view. It is also relevant to consider other synergies and factors that contributed to gathering all the conditions ensuring the development of these vaccines in such a short period. Suppose the same efforts from all stakeholders could be applied to the development of new cancer vaccines, aligned now with the new scientific evidence generated from the current mRNA vaccines for COVID-19. In that case, mRNA cancer vaccines are near, and a new era for cancer treatment is about to begin.

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“…Inflammasome sensors can recognize PAMPs and/or DAMPs produced during pathogen infection and cellular instability, respectively (Kanneganti, 2010). Among the sensors, the most wellcharacterized sensor is the NLR family pyrin domaincontaining 3 (NLRP3), which has been implicated in several diseases such as autoinflammatory diseases, obesity, colitis, and pathogen-mediated diseases including influenza A viruses and corona viruses (Gurung & Kanneganti, 2016;Kanneganti et al, 2006aKanneganti et al, , 2006bKarki et al, 2015;Lee et al, 2020;Lee & Ryu, 2021;Stienstra et al, 2011;Thomas et al, 2009;Zaki et al, 2010).…”

Section: Nlrp3 Inflammasomes In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Immunity and Cell Death in Alzheimer's Disease

Lee

Cho

Ryu³

2021

ASN Neuro

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The innate immune system plays key roles in controlling Alzheimer's disease (AD), while secreting cytokines to eliminate pathogens and regulating brain homeostasis. Recent research in the field of AD has shown that the innate immune-sensing ability of pattern recognition receptors on brain-resident macrophages, known as microglia, initiates neuroinflammation, Aβ accumulation, neuronal loss, and memory decline in patients with AD. Advancements in understanding the role of innate immunity in AD have laid a strong foundation to elucidate AD pathology and devise therapeutic strategies for AD in the future. In this review, we highlight the present understanding of innate immune responses, inflammasome activation, inflammatory cell death pathways, and cytokine secretion in AD. We also discuss how the AD pathology influences these biological processes.

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Influenza Viruses: Innate Immunity and mRNA Vaccines

Cited by 24 publications

References 125 publications

Precision Vaccine Development: Cues From Natural Immunity

Precision Vaccine Development: Cues From Natural Immunity

The First Approved COVID-19 Vaccines: The Road to Cancer Vaccines

Innate Immunity and Cell Death in Alzheimer's Disease

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