Influenza surveillance in animals: what is our capacity to detect emerging influenza viruses with zoonotic potential?

Dobschuetz, Sophie von; Nardi, Marco De; Harris, Kate; Munoz, Olga; Breed, A. C.; Wieland, Barbara; Dauphin, Gwenae͏̈lle; Liu, Juan; Stärk, Katharina D.C.

doi:10.1017/s0950268814002106

Cited by 14 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Countries with more robust surveillance systems allowing early detection of ILI clinical signs and with better laboratory capacities may have an advantage for SIV isolation. Targeting pigs with ILI could be more efficient although it does not allow the detection of some influenza viruses circulating asymptomatically and of potential pandemic importance, as shown with the example of low pathogenic and asymptomatic H7N9 in poultry [72]. Pandemic risk is not necessarily limited to viruses that cause symptoms in the reservoir animal species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological features of influenza circulation in swine populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe emergence of the 2009 influenza pandemic virus with a swine origin stressed the importance of improving influenza surveillance in swine populations. The objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to describe epidemiological features of swine influenza (SI) across the world and identify factors impacting swine influenza virus surveillance.MethodsThe systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Articles published after 1990 containing data on SI on pig and herd-level seroprevalence, isolation and detection rates, and risk factors were included. Meta-regression analyses using seroprevalence and virological rates were performed.ResultsA total of 217 articles were included. Low avian influenza (AI) seroprevalence (means pig = 4.1%; herd = 15%) was found, showing that AIV do not readily establish themselves in swine while SIV seroprevalence was usually high across continents (influenza A means pig = 32.6–87.8%; herd = 29.3–100%). Higher pig density and number of pigs per farm were shown by the meta-regression analyses and/or the risk factor articles to be associated with higher SI seroprevalence. Lower seroprevalence levels were observed for countries with low-to-medium GDP. These results suggest that larger industrial farms could be more at risk of SIV circulation. Sampling swine with influenza-like illness (ILI) was positively associated with higher isolation rates; most studies in Europe, Latin and North America were targeting swine with ILI.ConclusionsTo improve understanding of SI epidemiology, standardization of the design and reporting of SI epidemiological studies is desirable. Performance of SI surveillance systems in low-to-medium GDP countries should be evaluated to rule out technical issues linked to lower observed SIV prevalence. Targeting certain swine age groups, farming systems and swine with ILI may improve the surveillance cost-effectiveness. However, focusing on pigs with ILI may bias virus detection against strains less virulent for swine but which may be important as pandemic threats.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological features of influenza circulation in swine populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Surveillance for avian influenza is more common, but most veterinary surveillance systems target H5 andH7 serotypes and, accordingly, most serological evidence is reported for these subtypes. Given the zoonotic potential of avian influenza viruses, which can potentially reassort with circulating seasonal human influenza virus subtypes, systematic surveillance in poultry populations should be expanded beyond H5 and H7, the primary focus for the veterinary sector [146,147]. Subtypes H6, H9 and H10 are known to be able to infect humans and should therefore be included.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weighing serological evidence of human exposure to animal influenza viruses − a literature review

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Assessing influenza A virus strains circulating in animals and their potential to cross the species barrier and cause human infections is important to improve human influenza surveillance and preparedness. We reviewed studies describing serological evidence of human exposure to animal influenza viruses. Comparing serological data is difficult due to a lack of standardisation in study designs and in laboratory methods used in published reports. Therefore, we designed a scoring system to assess and weigh specificity of obtained serology results in the selected articles. Many studies report reliable evidence of antibodies to swine influenza viruses among persons occupationally exposed to pigs. Most avian influenza studies target H5, H7 and H9 subtypes and most serological evidence of human exposure to avian influenza viruses is reported for these subtypes. Avian influenza studies receiving a low grade in this review often reported higher seroprevalences in humans compared with studies with a high grade. Official surveillance systems mainly focus on avian H5 and H7 viruses. Swine influenza viruses and avian subtypes other than H5 and H7 (emphasising H9) should be additionally included in official surveillance systems. Surveillance efforts should also be directed towards understudied geographical areas, such as Africa and South America.

show abstract

“…Although the amount of molecular data is expected to increase, for example as traditional MLST is replaced by WGS for bacterial pathogens (Spratt, ) and in silico typing, where molecular typing results are computed from WGS data (Carrillo et al., ), the information utility will continue to be highly dependent on supporting epidemiological data. This has recently been illustrated using sequence information of influenza strains (VonDobschuetz et al., ). In this example, the lack of metadata, including epidemiological data, severely limited the utility of sequencing to provide information for early warning of zoonotic influenza strain emergence.…”

Section: Epidemiological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Next‐Generation’ Surveillance: An Epidemiologists’ Perspective on the Use of Molecular Information in Food Safety and Animal Health Decision‐Making

Muellner¹,

Stärk

Dufour

et al. 2015

Zoonoses and Public Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Advances in the availability and affordability of molecular and genomic data are transforming human health care. Surveillance aimed at supporting and improving food safety and animal health is likely to undergo a similar transformation. We propose a definition of ‘molecular surveillance’ in this context and argue that molecular data are an adjunct to rather than a substitute for sound epidemiological study and surveillance design. Specific considerations with regard to sample collection are raised, as is the importance of the relation between the molecular clock speed of genetic markers and the spatiotemporal scale of the surveillance activity, which can be control‐ or strategy‐focused. Development of standards for study design and assessment of molecular surveillance system attributes is needed, together with development of an interdisciplinary skills base covering both molecular and epidemiological principles.

show abstract

Influenza surveillance in animals: what is our capacity to detect emerging influenza viruses with zoonotic potential?

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Epidemiological features of influenza circulation in swine populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Epidemiological features of influenza circulation in swine populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Weighing serological evidence of human exposure to animal influenza viruses − a literature review

‘Next‐Generation’ Surveillance: An Epidemiologists’ Perspective on the Use of Molecular Information in Food Safety and Animal Health Decision‐Making

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About