Influenza C Virus and Human Metapneumovirus Infections in Hospitalized Children With Lower Respiratory Tract Illness

Shimizu, Yasuyuki; Abiko, Chieko; Ikeda, Tatsuya; Mizuta, Katsumi; Matsuzaki, Yoko

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000000863

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Higher rates of influenza C infection have been reported in a Nigerian study, where 4.8% of the respiratory samples from children were positive for influenza C and Finnish study among young adult male military recruits, in which influenza C was identified in 4.2% of all samples. Influenza C can also be identified in a significant proportion of children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections, as reported by Shimizu et al . 2015, who found approximately 10% of children had influenza C present in samples collected from four Japanese hospitals during 2009–2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Influenza C infections in Western Australia and Victoria from 2008 to 2014

Jelley

Levy

Deng

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundInfluenza C is usually considered a minor cause of respiratory illness in humans with many infections being asymptomatic or clinically mild. Large outbreaks can occur periodically resulting in significant morbidity.ObjectivesThis study aimed at analyzing the available influenza C clinical samples from two widely separated states of Australia, collected over a 7‐year period and to compare them with influenza C viruses detected in other parts of the world in recent years.Patients/MethodsBetween 2008 and 2014, 86 respiratory samples that were influenza C positive were collected from subjects with influenza‐like illness living in the states of Victoria and Western Australia. A battery of other respiratory viruses were also tested for in these influenza C‐positive samples. Virus isolation was attempted on all of these clinical samples, and gene sequencing was performed on all influenza C‐positive cultures.Results and conclusionsDetections of influenza C in respiratory samples were sporadic in most years studied, but higher rates of infection occurred in 2012 and 2014. Many of the patients with influenza C had coinfections with other respiratory pathogens. Phylogenetic analysis of the full‐length hemagglutinin–esterase–fusion (HE) gene found that most of the viruses grouped in the C/Sao Paulo/378/82 clade with the remainder grouping in the C/Kanagawa/1/76 clade.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Influenza C infections in Western Australia and Victoria from 2008 to 2014

Jelley

Levy

Deng

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There may still be a case for vaccination of children in the light of published reports of serious respiratory disease caused by influenza C in that age group345678910111237. We recruited 6 participants in the <9 years age group but none were consented to allow serum sampling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in a paediatric context, acute respiratory illness and/or pneumonia have been reported as a consequence of influenza C infection345678 especially in those under 2 years old9, as well as vomiting, diarrhoea, acute otitis media10, a high rate of hospitalization11 and even acute encephalopathy12. This growing awareness of the paediatric clinical importance of influenza C raises the issue of its inclusion in the annual seasonal influenza vaccine, or its position as a candidate for vaccine development specifically for infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza C in Lancaster, UK, in the winter of 2014–2015

Atkinson

Bishop

Rhodes

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Influenza C is not included in the annual seasonal influenza vaccine, and has historically been regarded as a minor respiratory pathogen. However, recent work has highlighted its potential role as a cause of pneumonia in infants. We performed nasopharyngeal or nasal swabbing and/or serum sampling (n = 148) in Lancaster, UK, over the winter of 2014–2015. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we obtain seropositivity of 77%. By contrast, only 2 individuals, both asymptomatic adults, were influenza C-positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Deep sequencing of nasopharyngeal samples produced partial sequences for 4 genome segments in one of these patients. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the influenza C genome from this individual is evolutionarily distant to those sampled in recent years and represents a novel genome constellation, indicating that it may be a product of a decades-old reassortment event. Although we find no evidence that influenza C was a significant respiratory pathogen during the winter of 2014–2015 in Lancaster, we confirm previous observations of seropositivity in the majority of the population. (170 words).

show abstract

“…Influenza C virus usually causes a mild upper respiratory tract illness in children but can also cause lower respiratory tract illness, such as bronchitis and pneumonia, particularly in children Ͻ2 years old (3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Despite the ubiquitous distribution of influenza C virus, which is demonstrated by its high rate of seroprevalence (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), the virus has been isolated by cell culture only occasionally, and there are only four strains for which complete genome sequences are registered in GenBank at present: C/Ann Arbor/1/50, C/Johannesburg/1/66, C/Eastern India/1202/2011, and C/Victoria/2/2012.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Lineage and Reassortment of Influenza C Viruses Circulating between 1947 and 2014

Matsuzaki

Sugawara

Furuse

et al. 2016

J Virol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since influenza C virus was first isolated in 1947, the virus has been only occasionally isolated by cell culture; there are only four strains for which complete genome sequences are registered. Here, we analyzed a total of 106 complete genomes, ranging from the first isolate from 1947 to recent isolates from 2014, to determine the genetic lineages of influenza C virus, the reassortment events, and the rates of nucleotide substitution. The results showed that there are six lineages, named C/Taylor, C/Mississippi, C/Aichi, C/Yamagata, C/Kanagawa, and C/Sao Paulo. They contain both antigenic and genetic lineages of the hemagglutininesterase (HE) gene, and the internal genes PB2, PB1, P3, NP, M, and NS are divided into two major lineages, a C/Mississippi/80-related lineage and a C/Yamagata/81-related lineage. Reassortment events were found over the entire period of 68 years. Several outbreaks of influenza C virus between 1990 and 2014 in Japan consisted of reassortant viruses, suggesting that the genomic constellation is related to influenza C virus epidemics. The nucleotide sequences were highly homologous to each other. The minimum percent identity between viruses ranged from 91.1% for the HE gene to 96.1% for the M gene, and the rate of nucleotide substitution for the HE gene was the highest, at 5.20 ؋ 10 ؊4 substitutions/site/year. These results indicate that reassortment is an important factor that increases the genetic diversity of influenza C virus, resulting in its ability to prevail in humans. However, the antigenicity of the HE glycoprotein is highly stable, and antigenic drift has not occurred for at least 30 years. Here, we analyzed a total of 106 complete genomes spanning 68 years for the first time, and we found that influenza C viruses are circulating worldwide while undergoing reassortment as well as selection by herd immunity, resulting in an increased ability to prevail in humans. The results presented in this study contribute to the understanding of the evolution, including reassortment events, underlying influenza C virus epidemics. IMPORTANCE Influenza C virus is a pathogen that causes acute respiratory illness in children and

show abstract

Influenza C Virus and Human Metapneumovirus Infections in Hospitalized Children With Lower Respiratory Tract Illness

Cited by 23 publications

References 15 publications

Influenza C infections in Western Australia and Victoria from 2008 to 2014

Influenza C infections in Western Australia and Victoria from 2008 to 2014

Influenza C in Lancaster, UK, in the winter of 2014–2015

Genetic Lineage and Reassortment of Influenza C Viruses Circulating between 1947 and 2014

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About