Influenza and COPD Mortality Protection as Pleiotropic, Dose-Dependent Effects of Statins

Frost, Floyd J.; Petersen, Hans; Tollestrup, Kristine; Skipper, Betty J.

doi:10.1378/chest.06-1997

Cited by 257 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Improved outcome from such an approach is suggested by three recent large observational studies showing that patients with COPD who took statins (hydroxymethyl-glutaryl CoA reductase inhibitors) had substantial reductions in both morbidity and mortality, compared with those with COPD who did not [37][38][39]. Strikingly, those with COPD who took statins had a o50% reduction in allcause mortality [37][38][39], 50% reduction in myocardial infarction [37] and 30% reduction in hospitalisation from COPD [37]. Moreover, in a recently reported nonrandomised study of lung function screening in smokers and ex-smokers, those taking statins had an 85% reduction in annual FEV1 decline and 35% reduction in COPD-related hospitalisation, compared with those not taking statins [40].…”

Section: Disease Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced expiratory volume in one second: not just a lung function test but a marker of premature death from all causes

Young¹,

Hopkins²,

Eaton³

2007

European Respiratory Journal

253

210

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The clinical utility of spirometric screening of asymptomatic smokers for early signs of air flow limitation has recently come under review. The current authors propose that reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) is more than a measure of airflow limitation, but a marker of premature death with broad utility in assessing baseline risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, coronary artery disease and stroke, collectively accounting for 70-80% of premature death in smokers.Reduced FEV1 identifies undiagnosed COPD, has comparable utility to that of serum cholesterol in assessing cardiovascular risk and defines those smokers at greatest risk of lung cancer. As such, reduced FEV1 should be considered a marker that identifies smokers at greatest need of medical intervention.Smoking cessation has been shown to attenuate FEV1 decline and, if achieved before the age of 45-50 yrs, may not only preserve FEV1 within normal values but substantially reduce cardiorespiratory complications of smoking.Recent findings suggest inhaled drugs (bronchodilators and corticosteroids), and possibly statins, may be effective in reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The current authors propose that spirometry has broad utility in identifying smokers who are at greatest risk of cardiorespiratory complications and greatest benefit from targeted preventive strategies, such as smoking cessation, prioritised screening and effective pharmacotherapy.

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Section: Disease Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced expiratory volume in one second: not just a lung function test but a marker of premature death from all causes

Young¹,

Hopkins²,

Eaton³

2007

European Respiratory Journal

253

210

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More recently, statins have been shown to benefit patients at risk for contracting some types of lung inflammatory disease [3,4]. FROST et al [5] reported that statins dramatically reduce the risk of death from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and significantly reduce the risk of death from influenza. Furthermore, clinical studies have suggested that statin use is associated with decreased mortality in patients hospitalised with pneumonia [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simvastatin suppresses RANTES-mediated neutrophilia in polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid-induced pneumonia

Lee

et al. 2012

Eur Respir J

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Recently, statins have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects on lung inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms of action of simvastatin in viral pneumonia have yet to be elucidated, although viral infection remains a considerable health threat. In this study, we hypothesised that simvastatin inhibits polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C)-induced airway inflammation, such as RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) expression and inflammatory cell recruitment.In bronchial cells, the effect of simvastatin on poly I:C-induced RANTES expression and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3-mediated signal transduction was determined using an ELISA and short hairpin (sh)RNA system. In a poly I:C-induced pneumonia mouse model, immunological changes in the lungs after simvastatin inhalation, such as inflammatory cell recruitment and cytokine/chemokine release, were examined.In poly I:C-stimulated bronchial cells, RANTES secretion was increased by STAT3 activation, and simvastatin suppressed poly I:C-induced STAT3 activation, resulting in inhibition of RANTES expression. In BALB/c mice stimulated with inhaled poly I:C, RANTES expression and neutrophil infiltration into the airway were elevated. However, simvastatin treatment attenuated STAT3 activation, RANTES release and subsequent neutrophilia in the lungs.These findings suggest that simvastatin inhibits airway inflammation, but there are other mechanisms that need to be fully elucidated.

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“…They also reduce mortality 4.5 times in septic patients with atherosclerosis [74], 2 times in patients with pneumonia [75], 2.3 times suspected infection releated mortality in the emergency department [76]. In contrast, some other studies reported no improve on clinical outcomes with statins, and are not associated with reduced mortality or need for admission to an ICU in patients with pneumonia; and reports of benefit in sepsis attributed to confounding variables [77;78].…”

Section: Reducing Mortality and Improving Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statin as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent in Sepsis

Arslan¹

2014

Ann Clin Anal Med

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Influenza and COPD Mortality Protection as Pleiotropic, Dose-Dependent Effects of Statins

Cited by 257 publications

References 30 publications

Forced expiratory volume in one second: not just a lung function test but a marker of premature death from all causes

Forced expiratory volume in one second: not just a lung function test but a marker of premature death from all causes

Simvastatin suppresses RANTES-mediated neutrophilia in polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid-induced pneumonia

Statin as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent in Sepsis

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