Influenza A Virus Multiplication and the Cellular SUMOylation System

Chacon, J.M.; Rosas-Acosta, Germán

doi:10.5772/54351

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(223 reference statements)

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“…To do this, they invade the host cells and employ the biochemical mechanisms of the host cell to promote their own growth by replicating new virus proteins and genetic material and in turn attack the host. (8) For the development of a trailblazing tool against any virus, it is fundamental to understand the mode of viral infection, the intervention of which can prompt its containment. The multiplication of any virus inside the host cells comprises of numerous steps: attachment (tethering of virus to the host cell membrane), penetration (infiltration into the cell), un-coating (casting its protein coat), multiplication (virus breeding in the host cells), protein synthesis (protein forming post-genome development), assembly (coating of genetic material by protein), release (liberation of the virus) to destroy other cells of the host.…”

Section: Virus and Antiviral Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of herbs for elevating immunity against SARS-CoV-2: a concise review

Anand,

Saraswat,

Patel

2021

Universa Medicina

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COVID-19 has emerged as a dreadful pandemic caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. Though the number of patients recovering from infection is encouraging, sturdy cure is still being researched upon and the effective vaccines are yet to be rigidly resolute. COVID-19 has so far instigated a massive loss of lives globally and even the countries with the most advanced healthcare systems have come under its grasp. Health experts suggest in such case “Prevention is better than cure” which includes an appropriate daily lifestyle and a rugged immune system that could help mankind surmount this peril. This review highlights the importance of influential herbs and their medicinal significance. Biomedical articles were explored from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science for the period of 2010-2021. Guidelines from the Ministry of Ayush (India) were also considered. The Ayurveda does not mention any cure for the novel coronavirus; however, it emphasizes the means of boosting one’s immunity. Accordingly, this article highlights some of the role of prevalent Ayurvedic herbs in promoting immunity for combating the novel coronavirus. The herbs in combination with drugs could be utilized for the sake of curtailing the side effects as well as the malefic repercussions of strong synthetic drugs used for treating COVID-19 patients, which would be a paramount leap in the field of Ayurveda as well as western-style medicine. However, the beneficial effects of these traditional medicines and their clinical trials remained to be known. We reviewed the latest updates on traditional medicines proposed for promoting immunity towards COVID-19.

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Section: Virus and Antiviral Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of herbs for elevating immunity against SARS-CoV-2: a concise review

Anand,

Saraswat,

Patel

2021

Universa Medicina

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“…Because the host cellular SUMOylation system was hijacked by virus infection to modify numerous viral protein (Santos et al, 2013 ), the host cellular SUMOylation status might also be influenced by influenza virus infection. To better understand influenza virus-host interactions, we identified host cell MEK1 as a target of SUMO1, and the SUMOylation of MEK1 could be regulated by influenza A virus H5N1 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HA Triggers the Switch from MEK1 SUMOylation to Phosphorylation of the ERK Pathway in Influenza A Virus-Infected Cells and Facilitates Its Infection

Wang

Liu

Luo

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Several post-translational modifications in host cells are hijacked by pathogens to facilitate their propagation. A number of components of the influenza virus have been reported to be modified by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins during infection. We hypothesized that the MAPK/ERK pathway could be modified by SUMO1 because the SUMOylation of MEK1 was quickly eliminated after influenza A virus infection. We identified host cell MEK1 as a target of SUMO1 through LC/MS/MS, and enhanced MEK1 SUMOylation inhibited the infection of the virus, while inhibition of host cell MEK1 SUMOylation facilitated virus propagation. Further investigation demonstrated that the MAPK/ERK pathway is downregulated by MEK1 SUMOylation, which is inhibited by influenza virus infection. Furthermore, membrane accumulation of hemagglutinin promoted MEK1 phosphorylation and gradually abrogated the MEK1 SUMOylation. Taken together, we report a possible mechanism in which HA may trigger the ERK pathway in influenza A virus-infected cells as the switch from MEK1 SUMOylation to phosphorylation, facilitating virus infection.

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Influenza A Virus Multiplication and the Cellular SUMOylation System

Cited by 2 publications

References 157 publications

Role of herbs for elevating immunity against SARS-CoV-2: a concise review

Role of herbs for elevating immunity against SARS-CoV-2: a concise review

HA Triggers the Switch from MEK1 SUMOylation to Phosphorylation of the ERK Pathway in Influenza A Virus-Infected Cells and Facilitates Its Infection

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