Influent COD/TAN ratio affects the carbon and nitrogen removal efficiency and stability of aerobic granules

Kocaturk, Irem; Erguder, Tuba Hande

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.01.077

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It was intuitively confirmed, in particular, that the difference in removal efficiency between C/N ratios 5.0 and 10.0 was large, and this tended to be stabilized under C/N ratio of 10.0 and greater [55][56][57]. Kocaturk and Erguder [24] reported that the organic material removal efficiencies were kept over 90% under the conditions of higher C/N ratio (10,20, and 30) and kept low under the lower C/N ratio, consistent with the results of this study.…”

Section: Reactor Performancementioning

confidence: 86%

“…The stability of AGS is the most important issue in applying AGS-based process in various fields and is related many factors including the composition of influent wastewater, carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, food to microorganisms (F/M) ratio, composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and rate and temperature of aeration [4,8,[13][14][15][16][17], among which, the C/N ratio of influent water is one of the most important factors for the growth of microorganism and biodegradation of nutrient salt [13,[18][19][20]. The application of AGS system, for example, into the treatment of wastewater treatment where the variance in wastewater is high was reported to be an important factor in decreased stability, degradation of granule and the growth of filamentous fungus [21][22][23][24]. Since the EPS degraded by microorganism and contributing to formation and stability of AGS are mainly composed of protein (PN) and polysaccharides (PS), the stability of granule is affected by change in EPS concentration and PS/PN ratio due to change in C/N ratio [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yae et al [30] reported that, in the environment of average C/N ratio of 4.5, the stable operation of AGS-based process is possible by controlling variable operation conditions. Table S1 compares the AGS stability and pollutant removal efficiency by C/N ratio [23,24,[29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These patterns were reversed when the C/N ratio increased from 10.0 to 20.0, thus, the final values of them were 3,720 mg/L, 3,210 mg/L, and 86.3%. Kocaturk and Erguer[24] examined the effect of C/N ratio (7.5, 5.0, 3.5, 2.0, and 1.0) on the degradation of AGS and found that the decrease in C/N ratio increased the degradation of granule. In addition, it is also reported that when the C/N decreases from 7.5 to 5.0, the granule collapses and the mean diameter decreases by 0.7 mm.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the performance and stability of aerobic granular sludge

Kim

Ahn

2020

Environmental Engineering Research

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The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient salts removal efficiency and stability of the aerobic granular sludge (AGS) by change in C/N (carbon to nitrogen) ratio. The laboratory-scale experiments were performed to analyze the removal efficiencies for organic matter and contents of nitrogen, MLSS, sludge volume index, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) under C/N ratio conditions of 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0. The microorganisms were observed using optical microscope and the microbial communities were analyzed using pyrosequencing. The increase in C/N ratio from 5.0 to 20.0 increased the organic matter and nitrogen removal efficiency to 95.9 and 79.1%, respectively. For the EPS contents, an influencing factor of granule stability, the polysaccharides to protein (PS/PN) ratio increased from 0.55 to 0.79. For the microbial community, the <i>Thauera</i> was the most common genus in ending phase occupying 63.7%. This microorganism is regarded as one contributing to organic matter degradation and improved production of EPS including AGS of microorganism, thus, may be an explanation of the results of this study such as increase in organic material in AGS and improvement of denitrification efficiency and contents of EPS with increase in C/N ratio.

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Section: Reactor Performancementioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the performance and stability of aerobic granular sludge

Kim

Ahn

2020

Environmental Engineering Research

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“…The COD/N ratio is important for efficient SND since it acts as a strong selection pressure parameter for either enrichment of heterotrophs or nitrifying bacteria. Kocaturk and Erguder ( 2016 ) showed that high COD/N values (7.5–30) gave large and fluffy granules due to favoring growth of heterotrophs, whereas low COD/N ratios (2–5) led to small and dense granules containing more slow growing nitrifiers and concluded that a ratio of 7.5 is optimum for stable granules. Liu et al ( 2004 ) investigated the selection for nitrifying bacteria at different COD/N ratios, ranging from 20 to 3.…”

Section: Optimization Of the Ags Process And Influence On Effluent Qumentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanisms of granulation of activated sludge in wastewater treatment, its optimization, and impact on effluent quality

Wilén

Liébana

Persson

et al. 2018

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

155

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Granular activated sludge has gained increasing interest due to its potential in treating wastewater in a compact and efficient way. It is well-established that activated sludge can form granules under certain environmental conditions such as batch-wise operation with feast-famine feeding, high hydrodynamic shear forces, and short settling time which select for dense microbial aggregates. Aerobic granules with stable structure and functionality have been obtained with a range of different wastewaters seeded with different sources of sludge at different operational conditions, but the microbial communities developed differed substantially. In spite of this, granule instability occurs. In this review, the available literature on the mechanisms involved in granulation and how it affects the effluent quality is assessed with special attention given to the microbial interactions involved. To be able to optimize the process further, more knowledge is needed regarding the influence of microbial communities and their metabolism on granule stability and functionality. Studies performed at conditions similar to full-scale such as fluctuation in organic loading rate, hydrodynamic conditions, temperature, incoming particles, and feed water microorganisms need further investigations.

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Cultivation of aerobic granular biomass in continuous flow‐intermittent decant type reactor fed with anaerobic effluent

Rayaz,

Khatoon,

Khan

2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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This study aimed to investigate the feasible operating conditions for the formation of aerobic granular biomass (AGB) in a continuous flow‐intermittent decant (CFID) type reactor. During the start‐up phase, that is, the operational period – I, the reactor was fed with sewage, and aerobic granules began to grow after 20 days of reactor start‐up. In period – II, experiments were conducted with 50% sewage and 50% anaerobic effluent (i.e., UASB‐treated effluent) as substrates, and subsequently, upon successful formation of mature granules, anaerobic effluent was added throughout operational periods III and IV. Results inferred that the highest removal of COD, NH4+N, TN, and PO43−P was observed in the study periods III and IV, with removal rates of 75.2 ± 10.97%, 79.24 ± 14.81%, 67.66 ± 7.17%, and 47.12 ± 14.69%, respectively. The particle size analysis shows the size of the granules was significantly increased in period IV of the study compared to previous study phases. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images referred that rod‐shaped bacteria were abundant after period I, while enriched microbial species of coccus, bacillus, and filamentous fungus were observed at the end of the study. These findings suggest that CFID‐type reactor can effectively cultivate AGB and remove organics and nutrients from anaerobic effluent.

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Influent COD/TAN ratio affects the carbon and nitrogen removal efficiency and stability of aerobic granules

Cited by 56 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the performance and stability of aerobic granular sludge

Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the performance and stability of aerobic granular sludge

The mechanisms of granulation of activated sludge in wastewater treatment, its optimization, and impact on effluent quality

Cultivation of aerobic granular biomass in continuous flow‐intermittent decant type reactor fed with anaerobic effluent

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