Influencing Factors on Synthesis and Properties of MXene: A Review

Abstract

MXene has a unique two-dimensional layered structure, a large specific surface area, and good electrical conductivity, stability, magnetic properties, and mechanical properties. Attributed to its structure and properties, MXene has entered various application fields, such as tumors, antibiotics, batteries, hydrogen storage, sensors, electromagnetic shielding, etc. Studies on MXene are implemented in various fields. The preparation methods, surface functional groups, and the preparation technology of composite materials directly affect the performance of MXene and determine its application fields. As significantly important issues, many influencing factors exist in the preparation process of MXene and the process of composite material design, which directly impact the properties and applications of MXene. This paper investigates and analyzes the factors influencing the preparation, properties, and application of MXene, explores the research progress of MXene, and provides critical insights for synthesizing and modifying effective MXene adsorbents. Moreover, this review discusses the influencing factors on applications, i.e., CO2 reduction, energy storage, heavy metal removal, etc., and compares key factors, including surface modification, pH, reaction time, and adsorption capacity, etc. Furthermore, this review provides an overview on current status and offers recommendations.

Review—Electrostatic Spinning for Manufacturing Sensitive Layers of Flexible Sensors and Their Structural Design

“…MXene has a two-dimensional layered structure, and its electrical conductivity, stability and mechanical properties, have been studied and applied in flexible sensors in combination with other modified materials. 112 The surface of MXene is hydrophilic, but generally flexible substrates are hydrophobic materials, so it is usually necessary to improve the morphological structure of the material or graft functional groups to promote the uniform distribution of MXene in the composite to enhance the sensing stability. For example, Jia et al 49 introduced PAN into TPUR electrospun fibers in expectation of improving the distribution and bonding strength of MXene on the material surface, and found that the hydroxyl groups on the MXene surface and the cyano groups of PAN could form hydrogen bonds and thus play an interfacial bonding role, followed by the introduction of MXene to build a three-dimensional conductive network (Figs.…”

Opportunities of MXenes in Heterogeneous Catalysis: V2C as Aerobic Oxidation Catalyst

“…[29] Further, surface termination is a key factor controlling the interlayer spacing of layered MXenes and, upon expansion, the material can exhibit, for example, a high ion intercalation capacity suitable for the development of high-capacity anode materials for non-lithium-ion batteries. [30,31] On other hand, surface termination also influences metallic conductivity, surface defect density and other structural features that can be crucial in determining the activity of these MXenes in various fields, including electrocatalysis. [32] It can be expected that these surface terminal groups can also be important in the possible use of MXenes as thermal catalysis.…”

Progress of 2D MXene as an Electrode Architecture for Advanced Supercapacitors: A Comprehensive Review

“…In this process, the reactant and molten salt are arranged into a uniform mixture based on a specific ratio. Heating causes the molten salt to melt, and the reactant completely reacts with the dissolved molten salt . The first 2D transition metal nitride was created by Gogotsi et al using a fluoride-containing molten salt etching method .…”

“…Heating causes the molten salt to melt, and the reactant completely reacts with the dissolved molten salt. 71 The first 2D transition metal nitride was created by Gogotsi et al using a fluoride-containing molten salt etching method. 72 Talapin et al synthesized and verified Cl/Br-terminated MXene by molten salt etchants cadmium chloride (CaCl 2 ) and cadmium bromide (CaBr 2 ), respectively.…”