Influencing Factors of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice regarding Medical Nutrition Therapy in Patients with Diabetes: A National Cross-Sectional Study in Urban China

Abstract

To investigate the knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) score in diabetes patients living in urban China regarding Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) and explore the influencing factors, this national survey recruited diabetes and prediabetes patients in 40 hospitals across 26 provinces in China. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the data and assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding MNT. Logistic regression was used to explore the factor influencing KAP scores. A total of 6441 diabetes patients (mean age: 60.02 ± 13.14 years) completed this survey. The mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 8.12 ± 2.12%, and the control rate of HbA1c (HbA1c < 7.0%) was 38.92%. Of the total, 53.56% had received MNT education. Over half of the patients had a poor total KAP score as well as poor K, A, and P scores. Patients with higher KAP scores had higher control rate of HbA1c (P < 0.05) but lower levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2h-PG). Gender, occupation, residence, education level, and MNT education could influence the KAP scores (P < 0.05). This study showed that diabetes patients in urban China generally had poor understandings and practices related to MNT. Patients with higher KAP scores exhibited better control of blood glucose.

Dietary Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Among the Family Members of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Its Influence on the KAP of T2DM Patients

“…The occupational status of T2DM patients influenced their dietary practices, which suggested that unemployed T2DM patients could undertake better dietary practice than employed T2DM patients. These data are in line with results from studies by Li and colleagues 6 and Asmelash and coworkers, 14 who found that KAP scores were significantly higher in retired patients than in those currently employed patients. This observation could be related to the fact that employed patients have careers to maintain, so their work and accompanying social activities restrict them from being concerned about their disease.…”

“…These data are in line with studies showing an improved attitude and practice score with increasing knowledge scores. 6 , 7 , 34 , 35 The correlations among scores for KAP of T2DM patients and those of their FMs were pairwise significantly positive, demonstrating interactions between T2DM patients and FMs. 9 , 11 , 12 , 17 , 19 The dietary practice of FMs had a weaker positive correlation than dietary knowledge and attitude to the dietary practice of T2DM patients, which might be because FM’s behaviors are not always supportive and helpful.…”

Community Drivers Affecting Adherence to WHO Guidelines Against COVID-19 Amongst Rural Ugandan Market Vendors

“…This is because knowledge level is linked with panic emotion among most populations, which in turn influences their attitude and practices toward COVID-19 ( 18 ). The possible factors that could influence the knowledge, attitude, and practices include but not limited to sex, sources of information, and education level ( 17 , 19 ). Knowledge of the market vendors regarding COVID-19 and how they get information is a key measure in the fight against SARS CoV-2, however, a scarcity of epidemiological studies from rural communities in Africa created a rationale for this study.…”

Video-Based Health Education to Support Insulin Therapy in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

“…Another study conducted before then also shows that female tend to have higher K and P scores but lower A scores, compared to the male patients. 16 …”