INFLUÊNCIA DOS TRATAMENTOS DE SUPERFÍCIE EM IMPLANTES DENTÁRIOS NO PROCESSO DE OSSEOINTEGRAÇÃO: revisão narrativa de literatura

Abstract

Dental implants are essential in modern dentistry, playing a crucial role in the predictability and success of oral rehabilitation procedures, restoring chewing function and aesthetics to the patient. Implant surface treatments offer greater opportunity to capture proteins, stabilize the blood clot and cells responsible for bone formation and remodeling, accelerating the biomechanical relationship of the implant-bone unit. A literature review was carried out using publications from various authors in the form of scientific articles and course conclusion works, which were available in vital databases: Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). The key words used for the search were: “Implantes dentários”, “Osseointegração”, “Reabilitação bucal” and “Propriedades de superfície”, the same terms being searched in English: “Dental implants”, “Osseointegration”, “Mouth rehabilitation”, “Surface properties”. The search period was from April to August 2023 and included articles in Portuguese and English. In this sense, the present study aimed to present a narrative review of the literature regarding surface modification techniques in surviving titanium implants and their relevance for osseointegration. It was possible to conclude that titanium implants with surface treatment have advantages when compared to the machined surface in influencing the bone integration procedure. Macro-, micro-, nano-textured and biomimetic surfaces can improve bone/implant connection, deposition of osteogenic molecules and initial firmness.