Influencia del nivel socioeconómico (NSE) en el asma bronquial y cambios en su prevalencia en población escolar en un periodo de 6 años

Abstract

Changes in asthma prevalence among school children during a 6 -year period: Influence of socioeconomic status Background: Asthma prevalence is increasing worldwide, especially in developing countries. Aim: To determine the prevalence of asthma diagnosis and related symptoms in children, its changes during a 6-year period and the influence exerted by socioeconomic status. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted among school children of Santiago. A sample of 4,561 children aged 6-7 and 13-14 years attending public schools (central district, medium-low and low socioeconomic status) and private schools (eastern districts, high socioecomic status) were surveyed. Dependent variables were asthma diagnosis (AD), wheezing during the last 12 months (WHE12) and frequency of episodes of wheezing (FEW). Prevalence odds ratios were calculated using regression models, adjusted for several confounding variables. Results: AD prevalence for the group as a whole was higher in boys than in girls (13.2% and 10.8%, respectively, p =0.016). Prevalence rate of AD was also higher for children aged 13-14 than 6-7 years (13.8% and 10.1%, respectively p <0.01). An inverse association was found between SES and WHE12. Higher maternal education level was associated with lower prevalence of WHE12 in both age groups and with lower prevalence of FEW in 6-7 year-old children. Paternal education level was positively associated with AD among younger children. At the central district, increasing trends of WHE12 and FEW prevalence were observed during 1994-2000 among 6-7 years children. Conclusions: A significant association was observed between socioeconomic status, asthma diagnosis and symptoms in school children living in Santiago. Data support an increasing trend of asthma prevalence and severity among 6-7 year-old children during the

Impacto del asma en escolares de dos centros de salud primaria

“…Sin embargo, por aspectos prácticos, en la APS se decidió ocupar una categorización clínica y no funcional de severidad del asma, diferenciando asma severo, cuando hubo reconocimiento en un videocuestionario 18,19 de un "episodio severo" de asma agudo. Dado que este hecho es un apropiado y práctico elemento clínico en escolares 5,17,30 , siendo muy probable que un videocuestionario tenga ventajas sobre otros elementos clínicos para interpretar la realidad de la enfermedad 19,31 . Los pacientes asmáticos generaron globalmente más del doble de consultas en APS que la población general del mismo grupo etáreo 32 .…”

Niños y adolescentes con necesidades especiales de atención en salud: prevalencia hospitalaria y riesgos asociados

“…En comparación a los datos reportados por Cabezas et al 15 , en nuestro estudio se constata un aumento muy importante de la patología respiratoria crónica o recurrente, concordante con los datos que han demostrado un aumento en la prevalencia de asma en Chile y los países occidentales 16,17 . En el estudio de Cabezas et al 15 , estos diagnósticos constituían un 11,1% del total de ingresos en 1 año, en comparación con 38,5% encontrado por nosotros entre septiembre y diciembre.…”

Urinary Arsenic Concentration and Its Relationship with Bronchial Asthma in Children from Arica, Chile

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