Influences of Vitamin D Restriction on Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Rats Fed a High-fat Diet

Nakaoka, Kanae; Tanabe, Rieko; Oku, Yuno; Yamada, Akira; Noda, Shinichiro; Hoshino, Ayumi; Haraikawa, Mayu; Goseki‐Sone, Masae

doi:10.4327/jsnfs.69.57

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…ALP was noted to be significantly and inversely associated with most macronutrients as well as dietary mineral intake in the present study, which can probably explain why in our previous study, elevated ALP was also the least common among the 4 markers of impaired mineralization ( 19 ). Although ALP isoenzymes were not measured in the present study, it has been observed in animal studies that high protein diet as well as high fat diet with vitamin D restriction can reduce ALP activity ( 39 , 40 ). The elicited inverse associations of all dietary intake parameters with ALP observed in the present study should be interpreted with caution however, since ALP levels are expected to be high in adolescents, particularly boys, secondary to pubertal bone growth development ( 41 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Association of bone mineralization markers with dietary nutrient intake in adolescents with and without biochemical osteomalacia

et al. 2023

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BackgroundDietary intake is widely known to play a crucial role in achieving peak bone mass among children and adolescents. Unfortunately, this information is lacking among Arab adolescents, an understudied demographic that has recently been observed to have a high prevalence of abnormal mineralization markers [low serum 25(OH)D, high serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), low calcium (Ca) and/or inorganic phosphate (Pi)] suggestive of biochemical osteomalacia (OM, defined as any 2 of the 4 parameters). In order to fill this gap, we aimed to evaluate the associations of serum markers of biochemical OM with dietary intake of macronutrients, vitamins and trace minerals.MethodsSaudi adolescents (N = 2,938, 57.8% girls), aged 12–17 years from 60 different schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were included. Dietary intake of nutrients was calculated following a semi-quantitative 24 h dietary recall over 3 weekdays and 1 weekend-day using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Compliance to reference daily intake (RDI) of macronutrients, vitamins and trace minerals were calculated. Fasting blood samples were collected and circulating levels of 25(OH)D, ALP, Ca, and Pi were analyzed.ResultsA total of 1819 (1,083 girls and 736 boys) adolescents provided the dietary recall data. Biochemical OM was identified in 175 (9.6%) participants (13.5% in girls, 3.9% in boys, p < 0.01) while the rest served as controls (N = 1,644). All participants had serum 25(OH)D levels <50 nmoL/L. Most participants had very low dietary intakes of Ca (median ~ 290 mg) and vitamin D (median ~ 4 μg) which are far below the RDI of 1,300 mg/day and 20 μg/day, respectively. In contrast, excess dietary intakes of Pi, Na, K, and Fe were observed in all participants. In the biochemical OM group, thiamine and protein intake were significant predictors of serum 25(OH)D, explaining 4.3% of the variance perceived (r = 0.23, adjusted r2 = 4.3%, p = 0.01). Among controls, dietary vitamin C and vitamin D explained 0.6% of the total variation in serum 25(OH)D (r = 0.09, adjusted r2 = 0.6%, p = 0.004).ConclusionArab adolescents do not meet the RDI for dietary Ca and vitamin D, and none have sufficient vitamin D status (25(OH)D levels >50 nmol/L) but they exceed the RDI for dietary Pi. Interpreting these data in the light of the increased prevalence of rickets in Arab countries, food fortification to optimise vitamin D and Ca intake in Saudi adolescents should be considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Association of bone mineralization markers with dietary nutrient intake in adolescents with and without biochemical osteomalacia

et al. 2023

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“…Vitamins IAP expression is stimulated by 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D, whereas vitamin D deprivation decreased duodenal IAP activity in rats [92]. Nakaoka et al [93] have shown that vitamin D restriction and high-fat diet together decreased AP activity in the duodenum in an animal model of menopause.…”

Section: Nutritional Strategy As a Preventive Intervention For Iap Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase modulation by food components: predictive, preventive, and personalized strategies for novel treatment options in chronic kidney disease

et al. 2020

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Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is a ubiquitous membrane-bound glycoprotein that catalyzes phosphate monoesters' hydrolysis from organic compounds, an essential process in cell signaling. Four AP isozymes have been described in humans, placental AP, germ cell AP, tissue nonspecific AP, and intestinal AP (IAP). IAP plays a crucial role in gut microbial homeostasis, nutrient uptake, and local and systemic inflammation, and its dysfunction is associated with persistent inflammatory disorders. AP is a strong predictor of mortality in the general population and patients with cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, little is known about IAP modulation and its possible consequences in CKD, a disease characterized by gut microbiota imbalance and persistent low-grade inflammation. Mitigating inflammation and dysbiosis can prevent cardiovascular complications in patients with CKD, and monitoring factors such as IAP can be useful for predicting those complications. Here, we review IAP's role and the results of nutritional interventions targeting IAP in experimental models to prevent alterations in the gut microbiota, which could be a possible target of predictive, preventive, personalized medicine (PPPM) to avoid CKD complications. Microbiota and some nutrients may activate IAP, which seems to have a beneficial impact on health; however, data on CKD remains scarce.

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“…24)25)26) Vitamin D is involved in the regulation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and when vitamin D intake is restricted, ALP activity in the small intestine of rats is significantly reduced. 27) Furthermore, in unpolarized and polarized Caco-2 cells, the addition of 1,25(OH)2D3 has been reported to increase ALP activity. 28)29) In this study, to clarify the effects of pectin on nutrient absorption and morphological changes in the small intestine, the effects of pectin on calcium absorption were investigated using polarized Caco-2 cells of the small intestinal epithelial-like cell line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pectin Modulates Calcium Absorption in Polarized Caco-2 Cells via a Pathway Distinct from Vitamin D Stimulation

2023

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Pectin, a type of soluble fiber, promotes morphological changes in the small intestinal villi. Although its physiological significance is unknown, we hypothesized that changes in villus morphology enhance the efficiency of nutrient absorption in the small intestine and investigated the effect of pectin derived from persimmon on calcium absorption using polarized Caco-2 cells. In polarized Caco-2 cells, pectin altered the mRNA expression levels of substances involved in calcium absorption and the regulation of intracellular calcium concentration and significantly reduced calcium absorption. Although this was comparable to the results of absorption and permeability associated with the addition of active vitamin D, the simultaneous action of pectin and active vitamin D did not show any additive effects. Furthermore, as active vitamin D significantly increases the activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which is known to be involved in the regulation of intestinal absorption of calcium and lipids, we also investigated the effect of pectin on intestinal ALP activity. As a result, it was found that, unlike the effect of active vitamin D, pectin significantly reduced intestinal ALP activity. These results suggest that pectin stimulates polarized Caco-2 cells through a mechanism distinct from the regulation of calcium absorption by vitamin D, modulating total calcium absorption from the elongated villi through morphological changes in the small intestine by suppressing it at the cellular level.

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Influences of Vitamin D Restriction on Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Rats Fed a High-fat Diet

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Association of bone mineralization markers with dietary nutrient intake in adolescents with and without biochemical osteomalacia

Association of bone mineralization markers with dietary nutrient intake in adolescents with and without biochemical osteomalacia

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase modulation by food components: predictive, preventive, and personalized strategies for novel treatment options in chronic kidney disease

Pectin Modulates Calcium Absorption in Polarized Caco-2 Cells via a Pathway Distinct from Vitamin D Stimulation

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