Influences of sulfonated graphene oxide on gas exchange performance, antioxidant systems and redox states of ascorbate and glutathione in nitrate and/or ammonium stressed-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Graphene oxide has unique physiochemical properties and a large surface area.

Graphene Oxide Boosted: A Multifaceted Examination of CZTS Composite for Enhanced Photocatalysis and Antimicrobial Efficacy

“…The graphene oxide synthesis in this study adhered to the methodology outlined in our previous work, utilizing the improved Hummers method [54,55]. The as prepared GO akes were characterized using XRD, SEM, HR-TEM, and FT-IR analysis.…”

Prospects of 2D graphene nanomaterials in plant-based agriculture and their fate in terrestrial soil: a critical review

“…Although studies concerning the application of GNMs on plant growth/productivity are a relatively recent development, the limited studies do cover a wide range of plants. This includes forage crops (alfalfa, 83,84 pearl millet, 85 switchgrass, 19 white clover 86 ), shrubs ( Paeonia ostii , 87 Aloe vera 88 ), herbs ( Lepidium sativum L. calli, 89 coriander 90 ), flowering plants (Catharanthus, 91 Plantago major L. calli, 92 chive, 93 Corylus avellana L., 94 Arabidopsis thaliana 95 ), cash crop (cotton 91 ), cereals (rice, 51,96,97 Avena sativa L., 98 wheat, 99–108 sorghum, 19 Zea mays 109 ), fruits (grapevines, 110 watermelon, 111 gala apple, 112 peeper 113 ), vegetables (cabbage, 114 lettuce, 12,114–116 tomato, 13,113,114,117,118 spinach, 93,114 faba bean, 29,119 garlic, 90 pea, 120 zucchini 121 ), pulse (lentil, 122 soybean 123 ), oil crop ( Brassica napus L. 124,125 ), pine family (red pine, 126 Changbai larch 127 ), white moss, 128 etc. In these studies, GNMs were applied directly to plant or seedling growth media (soil, nutrient growth solution, water) as well as a foliar application or direct injection to plant systems.…”

“…Although studies concerning the application of GNMs on plant growth/productivity are a relatively recent development, the limited studies do cover a wide range of plants. This includes forage crops (alfalfa, 83,84 pearl millet, 85 switchgrass, 19 white clover 86 ), shrubs (Paeonia ostii, 87 Aloe vera 88 ), herbs (Lepidium sativum L. calli, 89 coriander 90 ), flowering plants (Catharanthus, 91 Plantago major L. calli, 92 chive, 93 Corylus avellana L., 94 Arabidopsis thaliana 95 ), cash crop (cotton 91 ), cereals (rice, 51,96,97 Avena sativa L., 98 wheat, [99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108] sorghum, 19 Zea mays 109 ), fruits (grapevines, 110 watermelon, 111 gala apple, 112 peeper 113 ), vegetables (cabbage, 114 lettuce, 12,[114][115][116] tomato, 13,113,114,117,118 spinach, 93,114 faba bean, 29,119...…”

“…Enhanced antioxidant activity was thought to play a crucial role in overcoming nitrate/ammonium stress in seedlings when the growth medium was supplemented with 50 to 250 mg L −1 of GNM. 103,104 GNMs have also been reported to enhance leaf chlorophyll a/b ratios and thus minimize adverse effects under heat stress. Foliar application of GO (dose: 30 mg L −1 ) were found as a safeguard against heavy metal (e.g., Cd) stress through the minimization of heavy metal effects on cellular organelles.…”

Influence of High-Temperature and Intense Light on the Enzymatic Antioxidant System in Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Plantlets

“…To combat the harmful effects of ROS, plants have developed a sophisticated antioxidative defense system that includes enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants [ 9 ]. These enzymatic antioxidants include SOD, CAT, LOX, and NR [ 10 ]. These enzymes work together to scavenge ROS and neutralize them before they can damage cellular components.…”