Influences of salinity and temperature on propagation of radially polarized rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beams in oceanic turbulence

Abstract

In this paper, the propagation properties of radially polarized rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beams (RP-RSPEPVBs) in oceanic turbulence were theoretically and experimentally studied. Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral and vector beams theories, the theoretical propagation model of RP-RSPEPVBs in the oceanic turbulence was established. Then, the numerical simulations were carried out to study the influences of the propagation distance z, the rate of dissipation of turbulence kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid ε, the temperature-salinity contribution ratio ω, and the dissipation rate of the mean-squared temperature χT on the optical intensity, spectral degree of polarization (DOP) and spectral degree of coherence (DOC) of RP-RSPEPVBs. Further, an experiment setup was demonstrated to confirm the influences of salinity and temperature on propagation of RP-RSPEPVBs in oceanic turbulence. The results showed that increasing salinity, propagation distance, and turbulence intensity, will result in beam diffusion and intensity reduction of the RP-RSPEPVBs, as well as depolarization and decoherence. Contrarily, high temperature mitigated the intensity loss of the RP-RSPEPVBs and the spectral DOP and spectral DOC increased when the turbulence tends to be dominated by temperature. As a vector beam, the RP-RSPEPVB shows well anti-turbulence interference characteristics, which provides a new choice for optical underwater communication and imaging.

Propagation properties of partially coherent radially polarized rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beams in turbulent atmosphere

“…At present, the models of RSPEPVBs mainly include Gaussian [13], LG [12,16], Airy [5,11] and so on. In this paper, the LG RSPEPVBs with single ring structure was mainly discussed and its normalized electric field in the source plane can be expressed as [12]:…”

“…So far, the propagation properties of Airy RSPEPVBs [11], fully coherent and partially coherent Gaussian RSPEPVBs in free space [6,9], and the zero-order Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) RSPEPVBs [12] and radially polarized (RP) RSPEPVBs in oceanic turbulence [13], as well as the focusing properties of RP-LG-RSPEPVBs [14] and partially coherent RP-RSPEPVBs [15,16] have been extensively researched. Moreover, the RSPEPVBs have been utilized for optical trapping of multiple particles [10].…”

Radially Phased-Locked Hermite–Gaussian Correlated Beam Array and Its Properties in Oceanic Turbulence

“…The CSD of PCBs propagating in oceanic turbulence is described by the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]:…”

“…The influences of oceanic turbulence on non-uniformly correlated beams have been studied by numerical simulation [11,12]. The propagation of vortex beams in oceanic turbulence has been investigated, and neural networks have also been used in studies of vortex beams in underwater turbulence [13][14][15][16][17]. The beam array has a lattice-like intensity, and the properties of the beam array have been widely analyzed [18,19].…”

Detection accuracy of target accelerations based on vortex electromagnetic wave in keyhole space

“…On the one hand, the OAM spectrum spreading of optical beams has been carefully studied after passing through atmosphere [18,19] and seawater turbulences. [20,21] On the other hand, in the radio frequency range, the transmission of vortex electromagnetic wave is more obviously affected by the scattering of obstacles. [22][23][24] The scattering of high-order Bessel vortex electromagnetic waves on dielectric spheres was studied.…”