Influences of probiotic bacteria on organic acid production by pig caecal bacteria<i>in vitro</i>

Sakata, Takashi; Kojima, Taichi; Fujieda, Masatoshi; Takahashi, Masanori; Michibata, Takashi

doi:10.1079/pns2002211

Cited by 90 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…SCFAs provide energy to colonocytes (35) and stimulate Na ϩ and water absorption from the large intestine, even under diarrheic conditions (46). It was hypothesized that probiotic bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) may modify the metabolism in the large intestine by increasing the synthesis of SCFAs (36). The concentration of SCFAs was higher in fecal samples from T-CD and HC than in fecal samples from U-CD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Fecal Microbiotas and Volatile Organic Compounds in Treated and Untreated Children with Celiac Disease

Cagno

Rizzello

Gagliardi

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

134

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed at investigating the fecal microbiotas of children with celiac disease (CD) before (U-CD) and after (T-CD) they were fed a gluten-free diet and of healthy children (HC). Brothers or sisters of T-CD were enrolled as HC. Each group consisted of seven children. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis with V3 universal primers revealed a unique profile for each fecal sample. PCR-DGGE analysis with group-or genus-specific 16S rRNA gene primers showed that the Lactobacillus community of U-CD changed significantly, while the diversity of the Lactobacillus community of T-CD was quite comparable to that of HC. Compared to HC, the ratio of cultivable lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium to Bacteroides and enterobacteria was lower in T-CD and even lower in U-CD. The percentages of strains identified as lactobacilli differed as follows: HC (ca. 38%) > T-CD (ca. 17%) > U-CD (ca. 10%). Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus rossiae, and Lactobacillus pentosus were identified only in fecal samples from T-CD and HC. Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, and Lactobacillus gasseri were identified only in several fecal samples from HC. Compared to HC, the composition of Bifidobacterium species of T-CD varied, and it varied even more for U-CD. Forty-seven volatile organic compounds (VOCs) belonging to different chemical classes were identified using gas-chromatography mass spectrometry-solid-phase microextraction analysis. The median concentrations varied markedly for HC, T-CD, and U-CD. Overall, the r 2 values for VOC data for brothers and sisters were equal to or lower than those for unrelated HC and T-CD. This study shows the effect of CD pathology on the fecal microbiotas of children.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Fecal Microbiotas and Volatile Organic Compounds in Treated and Untreated Children with Celiac Disease

Cagno

Rizzello

Gagliardi

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

134

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The samples from the terminal ileum of piglets, which had been stored in 25% glycerol, were thawed on ice, pooled, and diluted 5-fold in 10 mM degassed phosphate-buffered saline. Digesta were pooled across piglets, as in earlier studies (23,34,38), in order to control biological variation (39). This mixture was diluted 10-fold in the fiber-containing medium, which had been degassed in an anaerobic cabinet overnight in Nunc 14-ml roundbottom tubes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Prebiotics for Weaning Piglets: In Vitro Production and Fermentation of Potato Galacto-Rhamnogalacturonan

Strube

Ravn

Ingerslev

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) in pigs is a leading cause of economic loss in pork production worldwide. The current practice of using antibiotics and zinc to treat PWD is unsustainable due to the potential of antibiotic resistance and ecological disturbance, and novel methods are required. In this study, an in vitro model was used to test the possibility of producing prebiotic fiber in situ in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of the piglet and the prebiotic activity of the resulting fiber in the terminal ileum. Soluble fiber was successfully produced from potato pulp, an industrial waste product, with the minimal enzyme dose in a simulated upper GI tract model extracting 26.9% of the initial dry matter. The fiber was rich in galactose and galacturonic acid and was fermented at 2.5, 5, or 10 g/liter in a glucose-free medium inoculated with the gut contents of piglet terminal ileum. Fermentations of 5 g/liter inulin or 5 g/liter of a purified potato fiber were used as controls. The fibers showed high fermentability, evident by a dose-dependent drop in pH and an increase in the organic acid content, with lactate in particular being increased. Deep sequencing showed a significant increase in the numbers of Lactobacillus and Veillonella organisms and an insignificant increase in the numbers of Clostridium organisms as well as a decrease in the numbers of Streptococcus organisms. Multivariate analysis showed clustering of the treatment groups, with the group treated with purified potato fiber being clearly separated from the other groups, as the microbiota composition was 60% Lactobacillus and almost free of Clostridium. For animal studies, a dosage corresponding to the 5-g/liter treatment is suggested.

show abstract

“…heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) reduced alcohol ingestion and attenuated ALD in experimental models. Upon the administration of probiotic, SCFA levels reported to be increased in the ALD model [84]. The study also claimed that LGG-s attenuates ALD by a mechanism involving increasing intestinal fatty acid and amino acid metabolism.…”

Section: Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 76%

Potential Molecular Mechanism of Probiotics in Alcoholic Liver Disease

Patel¹,

Patel²,

Palash³

2017

J Alcohol Drug Depend

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alcohol consumption and its abuse are significant prevalent cause for liver diseases and death worldwide. Increased bacterial endotoxin in the portal circulation, the plasma ratio of liver enzymes like alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and triglyceride implies the symbiotic relation between the gut and liver plays a key function in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Consumption of alcohol leads to gut dysbiosis and informalities of the intestinal barrier, hyper gut permeability, oxidative stress, inflammation and adversely affect adipose tissue metabolism, and those are mainly recognized as major factors for progression of alcoholic liver disease. Alteration of gut microbiota is referred to as bacterial overgrowth which leads to the release of bacterial products to change in commercial/pathogenic microbiota equilibrium. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived inflammatory signal renders inflammation in alcoholic liver disease. Increase in concentration of lipopolysaccharide leads to activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and alteration in micro RNA (miRNA) expression at the transcription level. Activation of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) pathways eventually produces pro inflammatory cytokine activation that is an important mediator of alcoholic liver disease. However, there is no effectual Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved treatment for any stage of alcoholic liver disease. Thus, the potential therapeutic approach for alcoholic liver disease is restoration and alteration of gut microbiota. With the increasing importance of gut microbiota in the onset and occurrence of a variety of diseases, the potential use of probiotics in ALD is receiving more exploration and clinical attention. Probiotic administration is nontoxic, inexpensive and noninvasive strategy with minimal side effects compared to antibiotic therapy and surgery. Yet, there is no substantial evidence on the efficient molecular mechanism regarding mode of action of probiotics on ALD as therapeutics. This review summarizes the research done on gut liver-axis and potential mechanism of probiotic in alcoholic liver disease.

show abstract

Influences of probiotic bacteria on organic acid production by pig caecal bacteriain vitro

Cited by 90 publications

References 18 publications

Different Fecal Microbiotas and Volatile Organic Compounds in Treated and Untreated Children with Celiac Disease

Different Fecal Microbiotas and Volatile Organic Compounds in Treated and Untreated Children with Celiac Disease

In Situ Prebiotics for Weaning Piglets: In Vitro Production and Fermentation of Potato Galacto-Rhamnogalacturonan

Potential Molecular Mechanism of Probiotics in Alcoholic Liver Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About