Influences of Optimism and Positive Orientation on Students’ Subjective Well-Being

Hashimoto, Kyoko; Koyasu, Masuo

doi:10.2117/psysoc.2012.45

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Self-esteem was positively correlated with all 6 dimensions of the PWBS in a Japanese sample (Pearson's r ranging from .433 to .714, Sasaki et al, 2020), therefore, we hypothesized that it would serve as a predictor of PWB here as well. Optimism has been shown to be related to life satisfaction among North American (Chang & Sanna, 2001) and Japanese individuals (Hashimoto & Koyasu, 2012). Because it has also been shown to predict life satisfaction, even in the presence of other variables (Lucas et al, 1996), we hypothesized that it would be able to predict SWB in the current sample as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Gratitude, self-esteem, and optimism distinctively impact the subjective and psychological well-being of Japanese individuals

Nawa¹,

Yamagishi²

2023

Preprint

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There is mounting evidence suggesting that the effectiveness of positive psychological interventions can be influenced by a variety of factors, including one’s cultural context. Identifying target variables that can effectively serve to improve individual well-being under these boundary conditions is a crucial step when developing viable interventions. To this end, we examined how gratitude disposition, self-esteem, and optimism relate to the subjective (SWB) and psychological well-being (PWB) of Japanese individuals. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that while self-esteem was predominantly more strongly associated with SWB compared to gratitude disposition, the latter was more strongly associated with the PWB dimensions, particularly personal growth, positive relations with others and purpose in life. These results were largely corroborated by a second expanded dataset. In addition, we used experience sampling over a four-week period to examine how momentary affect ratings related to overall daily evaluations. We found that both gratitude disposition and self-esteem moderated the association between momentary positive affect and “good day” evaluations but in opposite ways; increasing gratitude disposition strengthened the association, while increasing self-esteem weakened it. All in all, the current results suggest that while gratitude, self-esteem, and optimism influence individual well-being as a whole, they each likely play distinct roles as enablers of SWB and PWB in the examined cohort.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Gratitude, self-esteem, and optimism distinctively impact the subjective and psychological well-being of Japanese individuals

Nawa¹,

Yamagishi²

2023

Preprint

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“… 31 Here, emotions are known to exert significant influences on well-being. 32 In other words, positive (as opposed to negative) emotions enhance one’s sense of well-being. Many argue that this concept is suitable for measuring short-term well-being (e.g., over a few months).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between playing video games on mobile devices and well-being in a sample of Japanese adolescents and adults

Yamaguchi

2023

SAGE Open Medicine

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Objectives: In this study, I have tested the following hypothesis: Playing a mobile game for an appropriate length of time results in a stronger sense of happiness (well-being) than not playing at all. Methods: I used the questionnaires data from 5000 participants. Well-being was measured using the three following indicators: the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, satisfaction with life scale, and four-dimensional happiness indicator. I constructed a mathematical model for determining individual well-being. The variable of game playtime was split into two parts, and the split points were selected as the most applicable using Akaike Information Criterion to search for the appropriate length of time spent playing the mobile game. Results: The results showed that mobile games were significantly and positively correlated with both positive and negative emotions. Playing a mobile game for 2 h or less each day was associated with a significantly higher satisfaction with life than not playing one at all. Further, well-being was significantly higher when there were no time limitations with regard to “relationship and gratitude” and when playing a mobile game for no more than 1.5 h each day with regard to “independence and my own pace” as compared to not playing one at all. Playing a mobile game for more than 2 h each day, however, resulted in lower well-being with regard to “self-realization and growth” and “positive frame of mind and optimism” as compared to not playing one at all. Conclusion: These findings indicate that playing a mobile game for no longer than 1.5 h each day results in higher well-being than not playing one at all. Conversely, playing a mobile game for more than 2 h each day significantly lowers some aspects of happiness but does not significantly affect the overall satisfaction with life.

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“…In another study, Hashimito and Koyasu (2012) conducted an empirical study to explore the effect of PO on Japanese university students' well-being. The results of SEM revealed that the two constructs are highly related to each other.…”

Section: Positive Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher education amid COVID-19 pandemic: contributions from resilience, positive orientation and grit

Ghanizadeh

2021

JARHE

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PurposeThe major purpose of the present study is to investigate the contribution of academic resilience in accounting for two motivational and attitudinal constructs ? Grit and positive orientation and also probe the predictive power of all these constructs in academic achievement of university students in the midst of the pandemic COVID-19.Design/methodology/approach521 university students participated in an online survey. To measure academic resilience, a scale designed and validated by Kim and Kim (2016) comprising 26 items was employed. The scale contains five sub-factors: perceived happiness, empathy, sociability, persistence and self-regulation. Grit was assessed via an 8-item scale comprising two facets: perseverance of effort (PE) and consistency of interest (CI). It was designed by Duckworth and Gross (2014). Positive orientation was determined through positivity scale developed by Caprara et al. (2010), consisting of eight items.FindingsThe results of structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that resilience positively and significantly predicted both grit (β = 0.56, t = 6.41) and positive orientation (β = 0.54, t = 6.35). Resilience also predicted academic achievement directly (β = 0.71, t = 9.12) and indirectly via its impact on grit and positive orientation. It was also found that positive orientation and grit are positively and highly associated (β = 0.77, t = 9.28).Originality/valueThe pandemic COVID-19 brought about substantial changes in university students' education and their overall life style. Many university students around the globe experienced virtual education. Balancing personal and academic roles in these unprecedented conditions seems to be a tough challenge for every university student.

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Influences of Optimism and Positive Orientation on Students’ Subjective Well-Being

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Gratitude, self-esteem, and optimism distinctively impact the subjective and psychological well-being of Japanese individuals

Gratitude, self-esteem, and optimism distinctively impact the subjective and psychological well-being of Japanese individuals

The relationship between playing video games on mobile devices and well-being in a sample of Japanese adolescents and adults

Higher education amid COVID-19 pandemic: contributions from resilience, positive orientation and grit

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