Influences of obesity on the immunogenicity of Hepatitis B vaccine

Liu, Fang; Guo, Zhirong; Dong, Chen

doi:10.1080/21645515.2016.1274475

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Liu et al reported that obesity was significantly associated with non-response to HBV vaccine immunization. 20 Though genotype C and genotype A vaccines have been widely distributed in Japan with the approval from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare that the effect is equivalent as an HBV vaccine, the significant difference has been observed in this research result. According to the logistic regression analysis, factors that influence post-vaccination antibody negativity include sex type and the vaccine type, and the vaccine type showed a greater odds ratio than sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Analysis of antibody-negative medical students after hepatitis B vaccination in Japan

Yoda

Katsuyama

2020

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is recommended for health-care professionals because of their frequent contact with blood. At one medical school, new students undergo HBV antibody tests upon admission, and antibody-negative individuals receive the HBV vaccine. We aimed to characterize individuals who remained antibody negative after HBV vaccination. Between 2009 and 2017, we enrolled 1064 first-year students from a medical school where their HBV antibody test and vaccination records remained. We analyzed data regarding the hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) test record during admission, vaccination record for antibody-negative participants, anti-HBs test result after completing the three vaccination doses, drug name of the vaccine used, sex, body mass index (BMI), and age. We calculated the yearly percentage of antibody-negative individuals and analyzed the characteristics of vaccine-refractory cases by logistic regression analysis. Of the 1064 participants, 999 were initially antibody negative. They were vaccinated with HBV thrice and tested for antibodies after vaccination. The average age of participants was 20.1 y, with 677 males. Although the type of vaccine has been changed since 2016, the average rate of refractoriness from 2009 to 2015 was 6.9% per year and 18.6% after 2016. Logistic regression analyses showed that sex (male vs. female; OR, 1.787), BMI (OR. 1.171), and vaccine type (genotype A vs. genotype C: OR, 3.144) were significant factors associated with antibody-negative individuals. Vaccine type differences altered the proportion of antibody-refractory individuals, with no association with age. The data on vaccine refractoriness will be continuously analyzed in the future while considering other factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Analysis of antibody-negative medical students after hepatitis B vaccination in Japan

Yoda

Katsuyama

2020

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…() and Liu et al . ()). Some of this literature has investigated potential mechanisms of how obesity or higher BMI might lead to impaired immune responses.…”

Section: Body Mass Index and T‐cell Response In Human Immunodeficiencmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Liu et al . () found that obesity reduced hepatitis B immune responses through ‘leptin‐induced systemic and B cell intrinsic inflammation, impaired T cell responses and lymphocyte division and proliferation’. Given this evidence of a monotone effect of BMI on immune responses, we used the methods that are presented in this paper to assess the covariate‐adjusted relationship between BMI and CD4+ T‐cell responses using data from a collection of clinical trials of candidate HIV vaccines.…”

Section: Body Mass Index and T‐cell Response In Human Immunodeficiencmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal Isotonic Regression

Westling

Gilbert

Carone

2020

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology

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Summary In observational studies, potential confounders may distort the causal relationship between an exposure and an outcome. However, under some conditions, a causal dose–response curve can be recovered by using the G‐computation formula. Most classical methods for estimating such curves when the exposure is continuous rely on restrictive parametric assumptions, which carry significant risk of model misspecification. Non‐parametric estimation in this context is challenging because in a non‐parametric model these curves cannot be estimated at regular rates. Many available non‐parametric estimators are sensitive to the selection of certain tuning parameters, and performing valid inference with such estimators can be difficult. We propose a non‐parametric estimator of a causal dose–response curve known to be monotone. We show that our proposed estimation procedure generalizes the classical least squares isotonic regression estimator of a monotone regression function. Specifically, it does not involve tuning parameters and is invariant to strictly monotone transformations of the exposure variable. We describe theoretical properties of our proposed estimator, including its irregular limit distribution and the potential for doubly robust inference. Furthermore, we illustrate its performance via numerical studies and use it to assess the relationship between body mass index and immune response in human immunodeficiency virus vaccine trials.

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“… 51 , 52 Obesity is associated with reduced ability to respond to influenza vaccination 53 , 54 and HBV. 55 In contrast, caloric restriction in animals increases thymic cellularity (CD4+ and CD8+) with increased in vitro responses to antigens. 56 …”

Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting against a protean enemy: immunosenescence, vaccines, and healthy aging

Giudice¹,

Goronzy

Grubeck‐Loebenstein

et al. 2017

npj Aging Mech Dis

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The progressive increase of the aged population worldwide mandates new strategies to ensure sustained health and well-being with age. The development of better and/or new vaccines against pathogens that affect older adults is one pivotal intervention in approaching this goal. However, the functional decline of various physiological systems, including the immune system, requires novel approaches to counteract immunosenescence. Although important progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms underlying the age-related decline of the immune response to infections and vaccinations, knowledge gaps remain, both in the areas of basic and translational research. In particular, it will be important to better understand how environmental factors, such as diet, physical activity, co-morbidities, and pharmacological treatments, delay or contribute to the decline of the capability of the aging immune system to appropriately respond to infectious diseases and vaccination. Recent findings suggest that successful approaches specifically targeted to the older population can be developed, such as the high-dose and adjuvanted vaccines against seasonal influenza, the adjuvanted subunit vaccine against herpes zoster, as well as experimental interventions with immune-potentiators or immunostimulants. Learning from these first successes may pave the way to developing novel and improved vaccines for the older adults and immunocompromised. With an integrated, holistic vaccination strategy, society will offer the opportunity for an improved quality of life to the segment of the population that is going to increase most significantly in numbers and proportion over future decades.

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Influences of obesity on the immunogenicity of Hepatitis B vaccine

Cited by 57 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of antibody-negative medical students after hepatitis B vaccination in Japan

Analysis of antibody-negative medical students after hepatitis B vaccination in Japan

Causal Isotonic Regression

Fighting against a protean enemy: immunosenescence, vaccines, and healthy aging

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