Influences of deposition and post-annealing temperatures on properties of TiO2 blocking layer prepared by spray pyrolysis for solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells

Au-Loaded Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Modified Sol-Gel/Impregnation Methods and Their Application to Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

“…There are many ways to synthesize TiO 2 such as precipitation method [11][12][13], solvothermal method [14][15][16][17], solgel method [18][19][20][21][22], spray pyrolysis [23][24][25][26], and microwave method [27][28][29]. Sol-gel process consists of 2 main reactions, hydrolysis and condensation [18][19][20][21][22][30][31][32][33].…”

Research and Development Aspects on Chemical Preparation Techniques of Photoanodes for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

“…Some common precursors include metal alkoxides and chlorides, which are pegged to undergo multiple forms of hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions. 3.7 [191,192] ITO-Pt semiconductor powder containing nanoscale noble metal particles Spray pyrolysis - [193] TiO 2 blocking layer Spray pyrolysis - [194,195] [199] ZnO nanostructures Spray pyrolysis 4.7 [200] a solution. Thus, the sol gravitates towards a gel-like diphasic system of both liquid and solid, whose morphologies ranges from discrete particles to continuous polymer networks.…”

Synthesis and characterization of TiO2 thin films for DSSC prototype

“…It gives highly crystalline smaller size of particle, as compared to hydrothermal methods [20]. Widely explored methods of Titania synthesis are solvothermal method [21][22][23][24], precipitation method [25][26][27], solgel method [28][29][30],microwave method [31][32][33] and spray pyrolysis [34][35][36][37].The shape of the nanostructures play an important role in determining the efficiency of solar cells.…”