Influences of crosslinked carboxylic acid monomers on the proton conduction characteristics of chitosan/SPVA composite membranes

Wong, CS; Wong, Wai Yin; Loh, Kee Shyuan; Khalid, Mohammad; Daud, Wan Ramli Wan; Lim, Kean Long; Walvekar, Rashmi

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122782

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The CS/SPVA15 membrane was prepared in accordance with the previous study. 6 The polymer solutions in CS and PVA were prepared in 3 wt% and 10 wt%, respectively in the solvents. As for the modification of PVA, sulfonating agent in SSA was added dropwise up to 30 wt% to the polymer weight of PVA solution and was continuously stirred for 24 hours at room temperature.…”

Section: Taguchi Design Of Experiments (Doe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Besides that, CS also possesses cationic nature due to the protonation of -NH 2 groups on the polymer backbone, and our previous work had demonstrated an improvement on the stability towards ionic conductivity over the temperature ranged from 25 C to 80 C with the inclusion of CS. 6 The increase in polar groups within the polymer matrix was observed along with better structural stability of the polymer. Molla et al 12 demonstrated considerably mechanical reinforcement by performing polymer blending of PVA and Nafion membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, chitosan was selected for the polymer blending with PVA because it presents some intrinsic properties of abundant in nature, low cost, possibility of structural modification, thermally stable at temperature < 150°C and film‐forming capacity 11 . Besides that, CS also possesses cationic nature due to the protonation of ‐NH 2 groups on the polymer backbone, and our previous work had demonstrated an improvement on the stability towards ionic conductivity over the temperature ranged from 25°C to 80°C with the inclusion of CS 6 . The increase in polar groups within the polymer matrix was observed along with better structural stability of the polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chitosan/sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) (CS/SPVA) membrane from our previous study was evaluated as the focal PEM in this work. 6 PVA is a potential candidate due to its film-forming nature, low cost and excellent hydrophilicity. 7 However, excessive swelling of PVA is a major drawback that can potentially lead to mechanical degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 The improvement of proton transport properties for CS/SPVA membrane was confirmed experimentally and numerically in our previous study. 6,14 SSA can simultaneously acts as a crosslinker to improve the mechanical strength and a sulfonating agent for PVA to improve the proton conductivity. Further to this, upon polymer blending with CS, SSA could form bond linkage between CS and SPVA polymer chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement in hydrolytic stability and proton conductivity of optimised chitosan/sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) composite membrane with inorganic fillers

Wong

Loh

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The study aimed to obtain a chitosan/sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) (CS/SPVA) membrane with optimised hydrolytic stability and ion conduction properties by using the Taguchi method. Three factor variables including concentration of glutaraldehyde (GA), crosslinking temperature and crosslinking time were considered. An L18 orthogonal array along with the approach of larger‐the‐better was selected for the optimisation. The highest value in S/N ratio of −19.9947 was observed on sample set 9 without GA involvement, crosslinking temperature of 110°C and time of 90 minutes. The ionic conductivity and water uptake were 8.21 mS/cm and 82.05%, respectively, compared to 7.34 mS/cm and 215.9% of the nonoptimised CS/SPVA15. Further inspection with the incorporation of inorganic fillers (titanium dioxide (TiO2), silicon dioxide (SiO2) and sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO)) was conducted on the optimised CS/SPVA15. The thermomechanical properties of CS/SPVA15 composite membrane was improved with inorganic fillers. In terms of electrochemical properties, ionic conductivity was reduced because of the enhancement in thermal stability. The inorganic filler inhibits the accessible functional groups and increase the ionic resistance of CS/SPVA15 composite membrane. Amongst all samples, CS/SPVA15‐SGO is the most optimised with a minor trade‐off in ionic conductivity (6.82 mS/cm) and IEC (0.8866 mequiv/g) compared with CS/SPVA15, whilst delivering an exceptional hydrolytic stability (76.41%).

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Section: Taguchi Design Of Experiments (Doe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Enhancement in hydrolytic stability and proton conductivity of optimised chitosan/sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) composite membrane with inorganic fillers

Wong

Loh

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Evaluation of transport mechanism and nanostructure of nonperfluorinated PVA/sPTA proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application

Awad

Abdel-Hady

Hamed

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with sulfophthalic acid (sPTA) as a proton exchange membrane (PEM) for fuel cell applications was prepared by the solvent casting method.The fabricated membranes were obtained by varying the concentration of sPTA from 5 to 30 wt.% of PVA and thermally crosslinked at a temperature of 100 C for 1 h.Crosslinked PVA/sPTA membranes were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD). The transport properties were investigated by determining ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, methanol permeability, and proton conductivity. Free volume hole size and its distribution of crosslinked PVA membrane were measured by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). With an increase in sPTA concentration in the PVA membrane, both IEC and proton conductivity increased, but water uptake and methanol permeability decreased. At room temperature, IEC values were increased from 0.3 to 1.6 meq/g, and proton conductivity varied from 0.2 to 3.5 S/cm. According to PALS data, increasing the sPTA content causes the free volume content of crosslinked PVA membranes to decrease. The results were analyzed and presented in the context of free volume theory, in which the concentrations of nanostructure free volume defects are related to the membrane's transport capabilities.

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Ionic liquid incorporated SPEEK/Chitosan solid polymer electrolytes: ionic conductivity and dielectric study

Yılmazoğlu

Bayıroğlu²,

Erdemi³

et al. 2023

J Solid State Electrochem

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Influences of crosslinked carboxylic acid monomers on the proton conduction characteristics of chitosan/SPVA composite membranes

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

Enhancement in hydrolytic stability and proton conductivity of optimised chitosan/sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) composite membrane with inorganic fillers

Enhancement in hydrolytic stability and proton conductivity of optimised chitosan/sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) composite membrane with inorganic fillers

Evaluation of transport mechanism and nanostructure of nonperfluorinated PVA/sPTA proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application

Ionic liquid incorporated SPEEK/Chitosan solid polymer electrolytes: ionic conductivity and dielectric study

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