Influences of acidic/oxidizing gases on elemental mercury adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of sulfur-impregnated activated carbon

Hsi, Hsing‐Cheng; Chen, Chih-Tsung

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.04.011

Cited by 119 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The adsorptive environment, namely, flue gas condition, also plays a key role influencing the Hg 0 adsorption effectiveness of activated carbon. For the past decade, sulfur impregnation has been widely reported to considerably enhance the equilibrium Hg 0 adsorption capacity of activated carbon (Hsi et al, 2001(Hsi et al, , 2002Vitolo et al, 2002;Feng et al, 2006;Ho et al, 2008;Hsi et al, 2011Hsi et al, , 2012Hsi et al, , 2013Hsi et al, , 2014. Besides sulfur, activated carbon impregnated with metal salts has demonstrated the competitive adsorption performance to those treated with sulfur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Copper(II) Chloride Impregnation on Activated Carbon for Low-Concentration Elemental Mercury Adsorption from Simulated Coal Combustion Flue Gas

Tsai

Chiu

Chuang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In this study, the Hg 0 adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of a coconut-shell-based activated carbon impregnated with CuCl 2 were examined with respect to their resulting physical and chemical properties. Integrating the results from N 2 adsorption isotherm at 77 K, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Hg 0 adsorption experiments under N 2 and simulated coal-combustion flue gases conditions, it was found that HCl pretreatment could enhance Hg 0 adsorption of crude activated carbon; the Hg 0 adsorption capacities of crude and HCl-pretreated activated carbon under N 2 condition were 95.8 and 225.4 µg g -1 , respectively. Additionally, CuCl 2 impregnation further increased the adsorption capacity of crude. The Hg 0 adsorption capacity of crude activated carbon with 8% CuCl 2 impregnation was 631.1 µg g -1 . However, the equilibrium Hg 0 adsorption capacity decreased when Cu loading exceeded 8 wt%, suggesting that adequate forms of surface Cu, O and Cl interacting with flue gas components and Hg 0 , as well as the presence of pores with specific size ranges allowing rapid transport of the Hg molecules into the interior of the activated carbon and as energy sinker govern the overall chemisorption process. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model could best describe the adsorption behaviors of tested samples under both test conditions, indicating that Hg 0 adsorbed on the activated carbon surface could be explained by bimolecular reaction mechanisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Copper(II) Chloride Impregnation on Activated Carbon for Low-Concentration Elemental Mercury Adsorption from Simulated Coal Combustion Flue Gas

Tsai

Chiu

Chuang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Therefore, the Hg 0 adsorption capacities obtained at 150°C shown in Table 4 represent the total adsorption capacities within the 900 min test time, not the actual equilibrium capacities. Table 4 ( Hsi and Chen, 2012). Another study also reported that flue gas components (e.g., SO 2 and H 2 O) adversely affected the Hg adsorption because they may interact with the activated carbon surface (Wilcox et al, 2012).…”

Section: Hg 0 Removal Performance With Activated Carbon Under N 2 Andmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…flue gas also contained 14 vol% CO 2 , 10 vol% H 2 O, 6 vol% O 2 , 50 ppm v HCl, 200 ppm v SO 2 , 200 ppm v NO, and balanced N 2 prepared from standard gas cylinders (Hsi and Chen, 2012). The composition of the flue gas was chosen to simulate the typical condition of coal-fired power plants in Taiwan, where low-sulfur bituminous and subbituminous coal blends are typically fired.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Activated carbon has been considered excellent adsorbent for Hg control (Granite et al, 2006;Hsi and Chen, 2012;Hsi et al, 2013). Some studies have reported the individual and simultaneous removal of Hg, SO 2 , and NO under flue gas conditions by carbon-based materials (e.g., activated carbon, activated coke, and activated carbon fibers) (Stencel and Rubel, 1995;Tsuji and Shiraishi, 1997;Mochida et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous Control of Elemental Mercury/Sulfur Dioxide/Nitrogen Monoxide from Coal-Fired Flue Gases with Metal Oxide-Impregnated Activated Carbon

Chiu

Lin

Kuo

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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This research investigated the effects of transition metal oxide impregnation on the physical/chemical properties and on the multipollutant (i.e., Hg 0 /SO 2 /NO) control of a commercial coconut shell-based activated carbon. V, Mn, and Cu oxides of 5 wt% as their precursor metal hydroxides were impregnated onto the activated carbon surface. After the transition metal oxide impregnation, the surface area and pore volume of activated carbon decreased. The surface morphology of activated carbons was similar prior to and after impregnation. Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ and Cu + /Cu 2+ were shown to be the major valence states presenting in the MnO x and CuO x /CAC samples, respectively. CuO x /CAC possessed the greatest Hg 0 removal efficiency of approximately 54.5% under N 2 condition and 98.9% under flue gas condition, respectively at 150°C. When the gas temperature increased to 350°C, the metal oxide-impregnated activated carbon still possessed appreciable Hg 0 removal, especially for CuO x /CAC. The VO x /CAC had the largest SO 2 removal enhancement of approximately 28.3% at 350°C. The NO removal of raw and impregnated activated carbon was very small under flue gas condition, indicating that adsorption of NO using metal oxide-impregnated activated carbon may not be a suitable route for NO control.

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“…Especially, porous materials (including activated carbons, zeolites, and alumina powders) are useful materials for gas adsorption and storage [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Adsorption, especially using activated carbon (AC) as adsorbent, is currently the most widely used technology for hazardous gas removal from the incineration flue gases [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. As for the sorbent injection technique, activated carbons are injected into the flue gas right before it enters the electrostatic precipitators or bag house filters.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overlook of carbonaceous adsorbents and processing methods for elemental mercury removal

Bae¹,

Kim²,

Park³

2014

Carbon letters

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People have been concerned about mercury emissions for decades because of the extreme toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation of methyl Hg transformed from emitted Hg. This paper presents an overview of research related to mercury control technology and identifies areas requiring additional research and development. It critically reviews measured mercury emissions progress in the development of promising control technologies. This review provides useful information to scientists and engineers in this field.

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Influences of acidic/oxidizing gases on elemental mercury adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of sulfur-impregnated activated carbon

Cited by 119 publications

References 29 publications

Influences of Copper(II) Chloride Impregnation on Activated Carbon for Low-Concentration Elemental Mercury Adsorption from Simulated Coal Combustion Flue Gas

Influences of Copper(II) Chloride Impregnation on Activated Carbon for Low-Concentration Elemental Mercury Adsorption from Simulated Coal Combustion Flue Gas

Simultaneous Control of Elemental Mercury/Sulfur Dioxide/Nitrogen Monoxide from Coal-Fired Flue Gases with Metal Oxide-Impregnated Activated Carbon

Overlook of carbonaceous adsorbents and processing methods for elemental mercury removal

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