Influence sample sizing of citrus hystrix essential oil from hydrodistillation extraction

Distribution of Volatile Compounds in Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix) Leaves Grown in Soilless Substrate Analyzed Using Electronic Nose

“…Although, Citronellal was a major volatile, it accounted for less than 25% irrespective of the physiological age of leaf. The differences could be attributed to several factors including the sample particle size, the temperature, the position and physiological age of sampled plant tissue [13]. Smaller particle size resulted in an increased the concentration of the volatiles.…”

“…Drying Kaffir lime leaves could possibly emit some of the volatiles because of the low molecular weights, which causes rapid loss [2]. Similarly, high temperature released during grinding leaves could also significantly affect the loss of key volatiles [13]. There were instances where Kaffir lime peel sampled under various temperatures, some of the volatiles lost due to incomplete extraction process or thermal degradation [12].…”

“…Kaffir lime volatiles have been extracted from the leaves, peel and the pulp of primarily in the form of oil [1,-3,6,9,11-13]. The detection and concentration of the volatiles vary depending on multiple factors including the extraction and analysis method, the plant species, fresh or dry tissue samples and amount of the tissue is sampled [5,11,13].…”

Techniques for essential oil extraction from kaffir lime and its application in health care products—A review

“…The essential oil yield of milled (1 cm leaf milled for 3 minutes), cut (1 cm) and whole leaves was 0.85 mL oil/g dry samples, 0.65 mL oil/g dry samples, and 0.58 mL oil/g dry samples, respectively. Yahya et al 39 extracted kaffir lime oil from the leaves, which were dried in an oven at 40°C for 2 days until it reached constant relative humidity. The dried leaves were ground using a blender, which was separated into three different sizes of 300, 150, and 90 µm by using a siever shaker.…”

“…Hydrodistillation is a time‐consuming process, which produces small quantity of oil 26,39,44 . In this process, yield and compounds that are majorly present in them varied largely which may be influenced based on the maturity index of the plant parts being utilized, pretreatment methods, and the area of growth.…”