Influence of α-terpineol on the growth and morphogenesis of Penicillium digitatum

Abstract

BackgroundPlant essential oils could act effectively against postharvest diseases, α-terpineol, a typical terpenoid of plant essential oils, exhibited strong antifungal activity in against Penicillium italicum, but the possible action mechanism remains undetermined. In present study, α-terpineol was evaluated for antibacterial activity against Penicillium digitatum along with the mode of their antibacterial action.ResultsThe results showed that mycelial growth of P. digitatum was strongly inhibited by α-terpineol, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 2.00 and 8.00 µl/ml, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy observation revealed that α-terpineol obviously altered the morphology of P. digitatum hyphae by causing the loss of cytoplasm and distortion of mycelia. A rapid increase in the membrane permeability of P. digitatum was observed after treated with MIC or MFC of α-terpineol, evidenced by the release of cell constituents, the extracellular conductivity, and the extracellular pH. In addition, α-terpineol apparently induced a decrease in total lipid contents of P. digitatum cells, indicating the destruction of cell membrane structures after treatment.ConclusionsBased on our study, α-terpineol might affect the cell wall synthesis and lead to the disruption of cell wall. The cell wall disruption affected fungal morphogenesis, the integrity of membrane and leakage of intracellular components, these results suggested that α-terpineol treatment inhibited the growth of P. digitatum.

Lavandula dentata from Italy: Analysis of Trichomes and Volatiles

“…[40] Concerning δ-terpineol (22), specific information was not found in literature, all referring to terpineol, which was recognized as common antifungal and antibacterial agent. [32,41] Regarding the exclusive floral compounds, all with abundances lower than 0.20 % in our profile, a noteworthy example was represented by the defensive role of several phytocomplexes containing caryophyllene oxide (51). [42] In this context, considering the dominance of 1,8-cineole and β-pinene, we may hypothesize a simultaneous protective and attractive role for both the vegetative and reproductive bouquets.…”

“…Among the exclusive foliar compounds, myrcene (7) possessed allelopathic effects [39] and inhibited fungal proliferation together with α‐ and β‐pinene (3, 6) [40] . Concerning δ‐terpineol (22), specific information was not found in literature, all referring to terpineol, which was recognized as common antifungal and antibacterial agent [32,41] . Regarding the exclusive floral compounds, all with abundances lower than 0.20 % in our profile, a noteworthy example was represented by the defensive role of several phytocomplexes containing caryophyllene oxide (51) [42] .…”

Inhibitory Effect of 7-Demethoxytylophorine on Penicillium italicum and its Possible Mechanism

“…The release of reducing sugar and soluble protein was measured according to the method described by Jing et al [26] with some modifications. Briefly, P. italicum suspensions from 100 mL PDB were collected by centrifugation at 4000× g for 30 min, washed three times with sterilized distilled water, and resuspended in 100 mL phosphate buffer (0.1 mol L −1 , pH 7.0).…”

Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant

“…Terpineol properties go beyond, it has previously been shown antifungal properties against Penicillium digitatum because it disrupts fungi cell wall allowing the leakage of intracellular components [130]. In agreement with this, tea tree oil's antibacterial and antifungal properties were attributed mainly to 1,8-cineol, methyl eugenol, and terpinen-4-ol [131].…”