Influence of wind speed and road grade on the estimation of drag area in cycling

Polanco, Alejandra; Roa, Sergio; Suárez, Daniel R.; López, Omar D.; Muñoz, Luis

doi:10.1080/14763141.2020.1837925

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The air density was found to lie in a small range for all of the tests (0.88 ± 0.01 kg/m 3 ). The wind speed varied between the testing days between headwinds of 12.9 m/s and tailwinds of 11.9 m/s, which emphasizes the relevance of including wind speed measurements for the estimation of this variable, as described by Polanco et al [37]. Regarding the execution of the tests for the power delivery capacity characterization, it can be observed that the temperature and relative humidity were similar in all of the testing sessions (19.8 ± 0.9 • C and 59.0 ± 1.8%, respectively).…”

Section: Characterization Of Performance and Comfort Variablesmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The drag area and rolling resistance coefficient were obtained using an experimental methodology based on outdoor road tests. Further details of the methodology are described by Polanco et al [37,38]. The methodology is based on the mathematical model of the longitudinal dynamics of the rider and the bicycle presented in Equation (1).…”

Section: Characterization Of Resistive Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selection of Posture for Time-Trial Cycling Events

et al. 2020

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Cyclists usually define their posture according to performance and comfort requirements. However, when modifying their posture, cyclists experience a trade-off between these requirements. In this research, an optimization methodology is developed to select the posture of cyclists giving the best compromise between performance and comfort. Performance was defined as the race time estimated from the power delivery capacity and resistive forces. Comfort was characterized using pressure and vibration indices. The optimization methodology was implemented to select the aerobars’ height for five cyclists riding on 20-km time-trial races with different wind speed and road grade conditions. The results showed that the reduction of the aerobars’ height improved the drag area (−10.7% ± 3.1%) and deteriorated the power delivery capacity (−9.5% ± 5.4%), pressure on the saddle (+16.5% ± 11.5%), and vibrations on the saddle (+6.5% ± 4.0%) for all the tested cyclists. It was observed that the vibrations on the saddle imposed the greatest constraint for the cyclists, limiting the feasible exposure time and, in some cases, modifying the result obtained if the posture was selected considering only performance. It was concluded that optimal posture selection should be performed specifically for each cyclist and race condition due to the dependence of the results on these factors.

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Section: Characterization Of Performance and Comfort Variablesmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Characterization Of Resistive Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Posture for Time-Trial Cycling Events

et al. 2020

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“…A road methodology with onboard wind speed measurement was chosen because there is not enough availability of wind tunnels in South America with the size necessary to measure the aerodynamic parameters of full-size bicycle-cyclist sets. Additionally, an onboard anemometer was used because the importance of including data of the wind speed relative to the bicycle was studied in [47], concluding that its omission negatively affects the drag area's estimation.…”

Section: Experimental Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The speeds used for the different trials were defined considering that, as found in [47], a larger number of trials leads to lower errors on the estimation of the parameters. Nevertheless, the time required to perform the tests also increases as the number of trials increases.…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cyclist’s posture on performance and interaction with the bicycle

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Los ciclistas usualmente definen su postura considerando requerimientos de desempeño y confort. Sin embargo, al modificar la postura, los ciclistas deben balancear estos requerimientos ya que son competitivos entre sí. En esta investigación, se desarrolló una metodología de optimización para seleccionar la postura óptima de ciclistas considerando el mejor compromiso entre desempeño e interacción con la bicicleta. El desempeño se definió por medio del tiempo de carrera, el cual se estimó considerando la capacidad de entrega de potencia y fuerzas resistivas como la resistencia aerodinámica. La interacción con la bicicleta se caracterizó utilizando índices de presión y vibración. La metodología de optimización se implementó para seleccionar la altura de las aerobarras de cinco ciclistas en carreras de contrarreloj individuales de 20 km con diferentes inclinaciones de vía y velocidades de viento. Los resultados mostraron que la reducción de la altura de aerobarras mejoró el arrastre aerodinámico y empeoró la capacidad de entrega de potencia, y la presión y vibración en el sillín para los ciclistas medidos. Se observó que las vibraciones en el sillín constituyen la restricción más estricta para el ciclista limitando los tiempos viables de exposición, y en algunos casos, modificando los resultados de selección de postura. Se concluyó que la selección de la postura óptima debe realizarse para cada ciclista con su bicicleta y para cada condición de carrera ya que el resultado depende de estos factores.

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Influence of wind speed and road grade on the estimation of drag area in cycling

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Selection of Posture for Time-Trial Cycling Events

Selection of Posture for Time-Trial Cycling Events

Effect of cyclist’s posture on performance and interaction with the bicycle

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