Influence of weight reduction on blood levels of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and oxylipins in obese subjects

Möller, Katharina; Ostermann, Annika I.; Rund, Katharina M.; Thoms, Stefanie; Blume, Cornelia; Stahl, Frank; Hahn, Andreas; Schebb, Nils Helge; Schuchardt, Jan Philipp

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2015.12.001

Cited by 43 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…After ingestion, linoleic acid is converted to longer and more unsaturated fatty acids through enzymatic desaturation and elongation (Figure 7). Linoleic acid is the direct precursor to the stable oxidized metabolite 9- and 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid (9 + 13-HODE) that has been linked to multiple pathological conditions [23,73,75,76]. Plasma 9 + 13-HODE increases strongly following intensive exercise (Figure 6), functions as a biomarker for both oxidative stress and inflammation, and responds to lifestyle interventions such as weight loss [73,75].…”

Section: Metabolomics and Immunometabolism Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Linoleic acid is the direct precursor to the stable oxidized metabolite 9- and 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid (9 + 13-HODE) that has been linked to multiple pathological conditions [23,73,75,76]. Plasma 9 + 13-HODE increases strongly following intensive exercise (Figure 6), functions as a biomarker for both oxidative stress and inflammation, and responds to lifestyle interventions such as weight loss [73,75]. The 9 + 13-HODEs have a high plasma concentration compared to other oxlipins, are secreted by a variety of cells including macrophages, endothelial cells, platelets, and smooth muscle cells, and exert biological and signaling activities as proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and G protein coupled receptor 132 (G2A) ligands [77,78,79].…”

Section: Metabolomics and Immunometabolism Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxylipins signal via cell surface membrane (G protein-coupled receptors) and nuclear receptors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors), two pathways playing a pivotal role in adipocyte biology and biochemistry [83]. One human study showed that plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory LOX-metabolites 12-HETE and 5-HETE were significantly reduced following modest weight loss (~7% body mass) in obese males and females with CRP values above 3 mg/L [75]. …”

Section: Metabolomics and Immunometabolism Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Impact of Nutrition on Immune System Recovery from Heavy Exertion: A Metabolomics Perspective

Nieman

Mitmesser²

2017

Nutrients

105

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This review describes effective and ineffective immunonutrition support strategies for the athlete, with a focus on the benefits of carbohydrates and polyphenols as determined from metabolomics-based procedures. Athletes experience regular cycles of physiological stress accompanied by transient inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune perturbations, and there are increasing data indicating that these are sensitive to nutritional influences. The most effective nutritional countermeasures, especially when considered from a metabolomics perspective, include acute and chronic increases in dietary carbohydrate and polyphenols. Carbohydrate supplementation reduces post-exercise stress hormone levels, inflammation, and fatty acid mobilization and oxidation. Ingestion of fruits high in carbohydrates, polyphenols, and metabolites effectively supports performance, with added benefits including enhancement of oxidative and anti-viral capacity through fruit metabolites, and increased plasma levels of gut-derived phenolics. Metabolomics and lipidomics data indicate that intensive and prolonged exercise is associated with extensive lipid mobilization and oxidation, including many components of the linoleic acid conversion pathway and related oxidized derivatives called oxylipins. Many of the oxylipins are elevated with increased adiposity, and although low in resting athletes, rise to high levels during recovery. Future targeted lipidomics-based studies will help discover whether n-3-polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3-PUFA) supplementation enhances inflammation resolution in athletes post-exercise.

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Section: Metabolomics and Immunometabolism Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolomics and Immunometabolism Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolomics and Immunometabolism Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Potential Impact of Nutrition on Immune System Recovery from Heavy Exertion: A Metabolomics Perspective

Nieman

Mitmesser²

2017

Nutrients

105

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“…Lipoxin A4 is n‐6 oxylipin found at high concentrations in obese patients; it is involved in reduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha and other IR‐associated inflammatory markers . In obese subjects with low‐grade inflammation, concentrations of AA‐derived oxylipins, such as 5‐HETE, 8‐HETE and 12‐HETE, turned out to be higher than in obese subjects without inflammation, and weight reduction was shown to attenuate inflammation and to reduce the level of the aforementioned AA metabolites . Also, the levels of AA‐derived pro‐inflammatory leukotrienes in adipose tissue, as well as the expression of 5‐lipooxigenase were demonstrated to be increased in obese women with T2D .…”

Section: Lipid Alterations In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of specific lipid groups in serum of obese humans: a review

Mika

Śledziński

2016

Obesity Reviews

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Obesity is a major contributor to the dysfunction of liver, cardiac, pulmonary, endocrine and reproductive system, as well as a component of metabolic syndrome. Although development of obesity-related disorders is associated with lipid abnormalities, most previous studies dealing with the problem in question were limited to routinely determined parameters, such as serum concentrations of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Many authors postulated to extend the scope of analysed lipid compounds and to study obesity-related alterations in other, previously non-examined groups of lipids. Comprehensive quantitative, structural and functional analysis of specific lipid groups may result in identification of new obesity-related alterations. The review summarizes available evidence of obesity-related alterations in various groups of lipids and their impact on health status of obese subjects. Further, the role of diet and endogenous lipid synthesis in the development of serum lipid alterations is discussed, along with potential application of various lipid compounds as risk markers for obesity-related comorbidities.

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“…[9][10][11][12][13][14] Adults with type 2 diabetes present many targets through which behavioral intervention for weight loss may benefit cognition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a long-term intensive lifestyle intervention on prevalence of cognitive impairment

Espeland¹,

Luchsinger²,

Baker³

et al. 2017

Neurology

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Objective: To assess whether an average of 10 years of lifestyle intervention designed to reduce weight and increase physical activity lowers the prevalence of cognitive impairment among adults at increased risk due to type 2 diabetes and obesity or overweight.Methods: Central adjudication of mild cognitive impairment and probable dementia was based on standardized cognitive test battery scores administered to 3,802 individuals who had been randomly assigned, with equal probability, to either the lifestyle intervention or the diabetes support and education control. When scores fell below a prespecified threshold, functional information was obtained through proxy interview.Results: Compared with control, the intensive lifestyle intervention induced and maintained marked differences in weight loss and self-reported physical activity throughout follow-up. At an average (range) of 11.4 (9.5-13.5) years after enrollment, when participants' mean age was 69.6 (54.9-87.2) years, the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and probable dementia was 6.4% and 1.8%, respectively, in the intervention group, compared with 6.6% and 1.8%, respectively, in the control group (p 5 0.93). The lack of an intervention effect on the prevalence of cognitive impairment was consistent among individuals grouped by cardiovascular disease history, diabetes duration, sex, and APOE e4 allele status (all p $ 0.50). However, there was evidence (p 5 0.03) that the intervention effect ranged from benefit to harm across participants ordered from lowest to highest baseline BMI.Conclusions: Ten years of behavioral weight loss intervention did not result in an overall difference in the prevalence of cognitive impairment among overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00017953 (Action for Health in Diabetes).Level of evidence: This study provides Class II evidence that for overweight adults with type 2 diabetes, a lifestyle intervention designed to reduce weight and increase physical activity does not lower the risk of cognitive impairment. Neurology ® 2017;88:2026-2035 GLOSSARY 3MSE 5 Modified Mini-Mental State Examination; BMI 5 body mass index; DSE 5 diabetes support and education; FAQ 5 Functional Assessment Questionnaire; HbA1c 5 glycated hemoglobin; ILI 5 intensive lifestyle intervention; MCI 5 mild cognitive impairment; OR 5 odds ratio.

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Influence of weight reduction on blood levels of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and oxylipins in obese subjects

Cited by 43 publications

References 60 publications

Potential Impact of Nutrition on Immune System Recovery from Heavy Exertion: A Metabolomics Perspective

Potential Impact of Nutrition on Immune System Recovery from Heavy Exertion: A Metabolomics Perspective

Alterations of specific lipid groups in serum of obese humans: a review

Effect of a long-term intensive lifestyle intervention on prevalence of cognitive impairment

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