Influence of visceral and subcutaneous fat in bone mineral density of obese adolescents

Abstract

Objective: To verify the influence of visceral and subcutaneous fat, as well adipokines in bone mineral density (BMD) in obese adolescents. Subjects and methods: The study involved 125 postpubertal obese adolescents (45 boys and 80 girls). Anthropometric measurements, body composition, visceral and subcutaneous fat, and BMD were determined. Leptin, adiponectin, and insulin levels also analyzed. Results: Data demonstrated a negative relationship between BMD with insulin resistance, visceral fat and leptin concentration; and bone mineral content with visceral/subcutaneous ratio. Positive association between BMD and subcutaneous fat was observed. Conclusions: Visceral fat and insulin resistance, as well as visceral/subcutaneous ratio and leptin concentration, were negative predictors of BMD in boys and girls, respectively. However, subcutaneous fat had a protective influence in BMD only in boys. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab.2012;56(1):12-8 Keywords Adolescent; visceral fat; subcutaneous fat; bone mass RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a influência da gordura visceral e subcutânea, assim como das adipocinas na densidade mineral óssea (DMO) em adolescentes obesos. Sujeitos e métodos: O estudo envolveu 125 adolescentes obesos pós-púberes. Medidas antropométricas, composição corporal, gordura visceral e subcutânea e DMO foram determinadas. Níveis de leptina, adiponectina e insulina foram analisados. Resultados: Os dados demonstraram associação negativa entre DMO com resistência insulínica, gordura visceral e concentração de leptina; e conteúdo mineral ósseo com a razão visceral/subcutânea. Associação positiva entre DMO e gordura subcutânea foi observada. Conclusões: Gordura visceral, resistência insulínica, razão visceral/subcutânea e concentração de leptina foram preditores negativos da DMO em meninos e meninas, respectivamente. Entretanto, a gordura subcutânea demonstrou exercer influência positivamente na DMO somente nos meninos. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(1):12-8 Descritores Adolescente; gordura visceral; gordura subcutânea; massa óssea

Bone Remodeling and Energy Metabolism: New Perspectives

“…VAT was found to be a negative predictor of bone mass. Another study, with adolescent girls, supported the negative effect of visceral fat on BMD (86). In Korean healthy men and women, it was found that visceral fat, measured by computed tomography, was independently and negatively associated with bone mass (87).…”

Efeito Do Treinamento Combinado Na Gordura Abdominal E Densidade/Conteúdo Mineral Ósseo Em Adolescentes Obesos

“…Corroborando estes dados, a literatura identifica que a gordura intra-abdominal é inversamente relacionada com a DMO (8) . Essa relação inversa baseia-se na presença citosinas pró-inflamatórias produzidas na região central do tecido adiposo, quem possam estar inibindo a potencialização do crescimento ósseo em jovens obesos (22) . Outro fator que deve ser levado em consideração refere-se ao fato de a insulina estar relacionada negativamente com o acumulo de gordura, principalmente intra-visceral.…”

Obesity, related diseases and their relationship with vitamin D deficiency in adolescents

“…Body composition appears to interfere with 25(OH) D synthesis and metabolism hence obese individuals tend to have lower serum concentrations than the non-obese population (26). Campos et al (26) assessed the influence of visceral and subcutaneous fat on bone mineral density (BMD) in post-pubescent adolescents, and found that visceral fat has a negative effect on bone mass, while the subcutaneous kind has a positive impact only on boys, and suggest that these opposing forms of interaction of adipose tissue on bone mass occur because of the differences in the expression and secretion of the adipokines.…”