Influence of unsupported sleepers on the dynamic stability of ballasted bed based on wheelset impact tests

Abstract

The unsupported sleeper can change the load characteristics of ballast particles and thus affect the dynamic stability of a ballasted bed. In this work, a laboratory test was constructed on a ballasted track containing unsupported sleepers. The ballasted track was excited by a wheelset, and the influence of unsupported sleepers on the dynamic stability of a ballasted bed was studied. The results show that the main frequency of the sleeper vibration appeared at 670 Hz, and the first-order rigid vibration mode at the frequency of 101 Hz had a significant effect on the condition without the unsupported sleeper. When the sleepers were continuously unsupported, the vibration damping effect of ballasted bed within the frequency range of 0–450 Hz was better than that at higher frequencies. Within the frequency range of 70–250 Hz, the vibration damping effect of the ballasted bed with unsupported sleepers was better than that without the unsupported sleeper. Owing to the excitation from the wheelset impact, the lateral resistance of the ballasted bed with unsupported sleepers whose hanging heights were 30, 60, and 90 mm increased by 37.43%, 12.25%, and 18.23%, respectively, while the lateral resistance of the ballasted bed without the unsupported sleeper remained basically unchanged. The unsupported sleeper could increase the difference in the quality of the ballasted bed between two adjacent sleepers. In addition, test results show that the hanging height of the unsupported sleeper had little effect on the lateral resistance of a ballasted bed without external excitation, but had an obvious effect on the rate of change of the lateral resistance of a ballasted bed and the acceleration amplitude of the sleeper vibration under the wheelset impact.

Wheel-rail impact load due to the loss of sleeper-ballast interface

“…Sadeghi et al [1] demonstrated that considering sleeper pressure forces, detailed sleeper geometry, and more realistic assumptions regarding sleeper-ballast contact significantly enhances the accuracy of theoretical models. However, the presence of unsupported or deteriorating sleepers presents significant challenges to this interaction, affecting various aspects of railway operations [2]. Evazzadeh [3] investigated the influence of unsupported sleepers on wheel-rail interaction in railway systems, showing that the dynamic load increases by 2.5% when only one sleeper is unsupported.…”

Influence of Unsupported Sleepers on the Wheel-Rail Interaction

“…The sleepers are crucial components that provide essential support to the rails, ensuring the stability of the track structure. However, the presence of unsupported or deteriorating sleepers poses notable challenges to this interaction, impacting various facets of railway operations [2]. It has been demonstrated by Naseri and Mohammadzadeh [3] that when a sleeper-group is unsupported within the 2/8 and 5/8 of a span, the bridge is at its maximum acceleration.…”