Influence of underpotentially deposited Sb onto Pt anode surface on the performance of direct formic acid fuel cells

Characterization of growth of anodic antimony oxide films by ellipsometry and XPS

“…In the 525-545 eV energy range, spectra consist of two well-defined peaks that show a complicated feature due to the overlapping of O1s and Sb3d 5/2 photoemission lines around 531 eV [12]. Because of this, in most of work found in literature [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] the deconvolution of Sb3d 5/2 and O1s signals has no been performed and, in some cases, the species assignment was based only in the energy of the overall maxima in the spectra. Partial deconvolution of the experimental data [13,14,19], analysis of a less intense Sb photoemission line [15] or erroneous species assignment [16,18] have been reported.…”

“…Due to the Sb3d 5/2 and O1s signals overlapping, the Sb3d 5/2 peak was deconvoluted by fixing the O1s peak position at 530.7 eV, which allowed concluding that anodic oxides were composed by In 2 O 3 + Sb 2 O 3 . In addition, crystalline Sb 2 O 3 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition and modified Pt surfaces by antimony underpotential deposition (upd) have been studied, although a thorough analysis of the XPS results has not been performed [20,21].…”

Performance of the direct formic acid fuel cell with electrochemically modified palladium–antimony anode catalyst

“…CO adsorption is also inhibited. Recently, formic acid fuel cells have been developed using a platinum anode catalyst modified with lead and antimony [15,67]. Although the adatoms slowed the buildup of CO poison, the fuel cell performance was still substantially lower than DFAFC performance using palladium black anode catalyst.…”

Screening of PdM and PtM catalysts in a multi-anode direct formic acid fuel cell

“…A number of Pt alloy, intermetallic, and surface modified catalysts for formic acid oxidation have been introduced in recent years. These include PtRu [13,14], PtPd [13,15], PtAu [14,16,17], PtBi [18,19], PtAs [18], PtPb [19][20][21][22][23][24], and PtSb [23,[25][26][27][28], which have all shown better cell performances than pure platinum catalysts. Compared with Pt-based catalysts, the development of Pd-based bimetallic systems for DFAFCs has been relatively sparse.…”