Influence of two glutamine-containing dipeptides on growth of mammalian cells

Abstract

The instability of the amino acid glutamine prompted us to investigate substitute compounds appropriate for culture conditions. The effect of two glutamine-containing dipeptides, alanylglutamine (Ala-Gln) and glycylglutamine (Gly-Gln), on the growth behavior of a hematopoietic cell line in culture (K562) was investigated. Growth rates and [3H]thymidine incorporation rates of cells cultivated in sterile-filtrated media, containing glutamine (Gln) or Ala-Gln or Gly-Gln, were not statistically different. Although heart-sterilization of media containing Gln caused approximately 95% decomposition of the Gln, both dipeptides remained unaltered. Consequently, cell growth was drastically decreased when autoclaved free Gln-containing media were used, but growth was unaffected in the presence of autoclaved dipeptides. Both Ala-Gln and Gly-Gln have an advantage over free Gln as growth factors for cell culture due to the stability of the dipeptides during both autoclaving and storage; the biological activity, however, is comparable.

Noninferiority, randomized, controlled trial comparing embryo development using media developed for sequential or undisturbed culture in a time-lapse setup

“…It has been known for decades that glutamine readily breaks down into ammonium and can negatively affect cell lines and embryos (33,38). Both G-TL and G-1/G-2 contain alanyl-glutamine, a stable peptide version of glutamine that was first used as a heat-stable version of glutamine for autoclaved media (39). There was a…”

The adaptation of bhk cells to a non-ammoniagenic glutamate-based culture medium

“…Both glutamine-containing dipeptides and glutamate have been used as substitutes for glutamine. Alanyl-glutamine (ala-gln) and glycyl-glutamine (gly-gln) can replace glutamine in animal cell culture (Roth et al, 1988;Minamoto et al, 1991;Holmlund et al, 1992;Christie and Butler, 1994). However, hydrolysis by a cellular peptidase can result in the release of high levels of glutamine into the medium (Christie and Butler, 1994).…”

Effect of amino acids and dipeptides on the acrosome reaction and accumulation of ammonia in porcine spermatozoa

“…8 Dipeptides such as L-alanyl-L-glutamine (AlaGln) and L-glycyl-Lglutamine (GlyGln) are stable in solution and are suitable as a source of glutamine. 9 Glutamine-containing dipeptides such as AlaGln and GlyGln have also been considered as a replacement for glutamine in culture 10 and the addition of these dipeptides might achieve higher rates of embryo development in the mouse. Biggers et al 11 reported that the addition of the dipeptides AlaGln and GlyGln can play an important role in in vitro preimplantation in mouse embryos.…”