Influence of trunk structure on posture transition from quadrupedalism to bipedalism

Takenaka, Takashi; Kase, Wataru

doi:10.1186/s40648-017-0078-2

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The making of the TDI stems from the evolutionistic perspective of the development of the upright posture and bipedal locomotion. Indeed, during this process the position of the trunk and the weight distribution changed 48 , 49 . This brought an increase in the complexity of the task of keeping balance, which sees an involvement of the cerebellum in controlling COM, exploiting vestibulospinal information of trunk verticality 28 , 30 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of different frequencies of rhythmic acoustic stimulation on gait stability in healthy elderly individuals: a pilot study

Minino

Lopez

Sorrentino

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The efficacy of rhythmic acoustic stimulation (RAS) to improve gait and balance in healthy elderly individuals is controversial. Our aim was to investigate, through 3D gait analysis, the effect of different types of RAS (fixed frequency and based on subject-specific cadence), using conventional gait parameters and the trunk displacement as readouts. Walking at a fixed frequency of 80 bpm, the subjects showed extended duration of gait cycle and increased gait variability while the same individuals, walking at a fixed frequency of 120 bpm, showed reduced trunk sway and gait cycle duration. With regard to the RAS at subject-specific frequencies, walking at 90% of the subject-specific average cadence did not significantly modify the gait parameters, except for the speed, which was reduced. In contrast, walking at 100% and 110% of the mean cadence caused increased stride length and a slight reduction of temporal parameters and trunk sway. In conclusion, this pilot study shows that using RAS at fixed frequencies might be an inappropriate strategy, as it is not adjusted to individual gait characteristics. On the other hand, RAS frequencies equal to or slightly higher than each subject's natural cadence seem to be beneficial for gait and stability.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of different frequencies of rhythmic acoustic stimulation on gait stability in healthy elderly individuals: a pilot study

Minino

Lopez

Sorrentino

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…Higher TDI values indicate wide trunk displacement with respect to the COM trajectory, expressing low postural control. Its conception originated from the idea that through the evolution and the transition from quadrupedal to bipedal locomotion the positions of the trunk and the COM [ 47 , 48 ] changed and the total weight of the body moved on two limbs, increasing the complexity of the task of keeping balance. Intuitively, it is expected that the trunk oscillation should not be too wide compared to the COM movement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity to gait improvement after levodopa intake in Parkinson’s disease: A comparison study among synthetic kinematic indices

et al. 2022

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The synthetic indices are widely used to describe balance and stability during gait. Some of these are employed to describe the gait features in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the results are sometimes inconsistent, and the same indices are rarely used to compare the individuals affected by PD before and after levodopa intake (OFF and ON condition, respectively). Our aim was to investigate which synthetic measure among Harmonic Ratio, Jerk Ratio, Golden Ratio and Trunk Displacement Index is representative of gait stability and harmony, and which of these are more sensitive to the variations between OFF and ON condition. We found that all indices, except the Jerk Ratio, significantly improve after levodopa. Only the improvement of the Trunk Displacement Index showed a direct correlation with the motor improvement measured through the clinical scale UPDRS-III (Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale–part III). In conclusion, we suggest that the synthetic indices can be useful to detect motor changes induced by, but not all of them clearly correlate with the clinical changes achieved with the levodopa administration. In our analysis, only the Trunk Displacement Index was able to show a clear relationship with the PD clinical motor improvement.

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“…From an evolutionistic perspective, locomotion is a complex process, and the lower limbs are part of a highly-structured kinematic chain that includes all body segments. In the evolution of upright posture and bipedal locomotion, the position of the trunk changed, and so did the distribution of its weight on the lower limbs 15 , 16 . Such changes provoked a marked rise in the complexity of the task of keeping balance 17 becoming computationally demanding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A synthetic kinematic index of trunk displacement conveying the overall motor condition in Parkinson’s disease

Lopez

Minino

Sorrentino

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor impairment, affecting quality of life and increasing fall risk, due to ineffective postural control. To this day, the diagnosis remains based on clinical approach. Similarly, motor evaluation is based on heterogeneous, operator-dependent observational criteria. A synthetic, replicable index to quantify motor impairment is still lacking. Hence, we have designed a new measure of postural stability which assesses the trunk displacement in relation to the center of mass, that we named trunk displacement index (TDI). Twenty-three PD patients and twenty-three healthy controls underwent motor examination through a stereophotogrammetric system. A correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship of TDI with gait parameters and clinical motor scale (UPDRS-III). The TDI sensitivity was estimated, comparing pre- and post- L-DOPA subclinical dose intake. The TDI showed significant correlations with many gait parameters and with the UPDRS-III. Furthermore, the TDI resulted capable in discriminating between off and on state in PD, whereas gait parameters failed two show any difference between those two conditions. Our results suggest that the TDI may be considered a highly sensitive biomechanical index, reflecting the overall motor condition in PD, and provided of clinical relevance due to the correlation with the clinical evaluation.

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Influence of trunk structure on posture transition from quadrupedalism to bipedalism

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

The effects of different frequencies of rhythmic acoustic stimulation on gait stability in healthy elderly individuals: a pilot study

The effects of different frequencies of rhythmic acoustic stimulation on gait stability in healthy elderly individuals: a pilot study

Sensitivity to gait improvement after levodopa intake in Parkinson’s disease: A comparison study among synthetic kinematic indices

A synthetic kinematic index of trunk displacement conveying the overall motor condition in Parkinson’s disease

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