Influence of transrectal and transabdominal ultrasound examination on salivary cortisol, heart rate, and heart rate variability in mares

Schönbom, Hanno Wilfried; Kassens, Ana; Hopster‐Iversen, Charlotte; Klewitz, Jutta; Marion, P; Martinsson, Gunilla; Kißler, Andreas; Burger, Dominik; Sieme, Harald

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.010

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Also, the diagnosis of transabdominal gestation does not induce an activation of the HPA axis. This finding affirms what was previously described by Schönbom et al [116], who indicated that controls of advanced pregnancies can be easily performed by transabdominal ultrasound.…”

Section: Fertilitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Ambrojo¹,

Corzano²,

Poggi³

2018

Corticosteroids

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Cortisol (CORT), also known as stress hormone, plays a vital role in physiological processes such as electrolyte and fluid balance, cardiovascular homeostasis, carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism, immune and inflammatory responses, and sexual development and reproduction. Cortisol levels are influenced by various physiological factors such as race, age, circadian rhythm, seasonality, exercise and pregnancy. Also, some stressful conditions including isolation or transport, among others, modify levels of this hormone in the body. Excesses or deficiencies of cortisol cause important clinical problems such as Cushing's and Addison's syndromes, which contribute substantially to morbidity in equine medicine. Thus, in this review, we will develop the mechanisms of synthesis and regulation, as well as the physiological factors involved and the most important diseases related to the alteration of cortisol secretion in horses and foals.

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Section: Fertilitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Ambrojo¹,

Corzano²,

Poggi³

2018

Corticosteroids

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“…In the spectral domain, HF components are considered a measure of vagal activity and LF components are markers of both sympathetic and vagal activity, whereas LF/HF ratio represents the autonomic nervous system balance. SD1 and SD2 represent instantaneous and long‐term HRV variability respectively (McConachie, Giguère, Rapoport, & Barton, ; Munsters et al, ; Schmidt, Aurich, et al, ; Schmidt, Möstl, et al, , Schmidt, et al, ; Vitale et al, ; Schönbom et al, ; Von Borrell et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HR and HRV reflect the regulation of the cardiac activity by the parasympathetic and the sympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system (Von Borrell et al, 2007;Ille et al, 2014 Munsters et al, 2012;Vitale et al, 2013;Schönbom et al, 2015;Von Borrell et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability parameters as markers of the adaptation to a sealed environment (a hypoxic normobaric chamber) in the horse

Muñoz

Castejón‐Riber

Castejón

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Simulated hypoxic normobaric devices have been used in human beings in order to enhance endurance capacity. These devices are sealed chambers where the athletes are supposed to stay for at least 6–8 hr daily. The current research assesses the changes in time‐domain, spectral and non‐geometrical heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in 6 horses subjected to progressive duration periods inside of a hermetically sealed chamber. It was pursued, firstly to evaluate the intensity of the stress experienced by the animals and secondly to elucidate whether the horses might require an acclimation period before implementation of hypoxic conditions. HRV parameters were monitored for 6 days: day 0 (6‐hr duration; in paddocks; basal conditions), and days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 hr inside the chamber every day respectively). During day 1 and during the first hours of days 2 and 3, compared to day 0, horses presented increased HR and SDHR values and decreased RR interval duration. SD1 values decreased on some hours of days 2 and 3, but differences with day 0 were not found on day 1. Increased SDNN, RMSSD, SD1 and SD2 values were observed on days 4 and 5. These results showed an activation of the sympathetic activity together with an attenuation of the parasympathetic activity during the days 1 to 3. Increased parasympathetic activity was found only during the first hours of days 4 and 5. Spectral parameters experienced minor variations, with increased LFpeak and LF% during some hours of days 4 and 5. In conclusion, at least 3 days are needed to adapt the horse to a sealed environment before starting to subject the animals to hypoxic conditions. When the horses were acclimatized, however, a minor stress was detected with they spent more than 4 hr inside of the chamber.

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“…Es recomendable que la evaluación ultrasonográfica se realice después de la palpación rectal, debido a que se debe retirar la materia fecal y evaluar la presencia de sangrado durante la palpación; además es siempre necesario correlacionar la palpación y las imágenes obtenidas por ecografía, para tener una aproximación clínica adecuada [17]. Una vez terminada la palpación rectal, se debe lubricar la sonda o el guante, introducirla por el recto y, entre 25 a 35 cm adelante, se pueden realizar los cortes ecográficos.…”

Section: Síntesis Y Discusiónunclassified

Punto de atención de la prueba

Pérez

2019

Spei Domus

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Introducción: la evaluación ultrasonográfica del tracto reproductivo en las yeguas es uno de los procedimientos más confiables en la actualidad para el diagnóstico y monitoreo de la preñez. Esta herramienta tiene la capacidad de predecir el impacto potencial que algunas enfermedades generan en la calidad y salud reproductiva de las yeguas. Objetivo: describir una aproximación apropiada para reconocer los puntos de atención de la prueba en la evaluación ultrasonográfica de yeguas preñadas y no preñadas. Método de caracterización: los puntos de atención de la prueba POC (Point-of-Care Testing) son una serie de criterios diseñados para proporcionar resultados rápidos, a la vez que permiten una relativa autonomía por el observador. Discusión: por definición, una prueba POC debe estar disponible para ser usada al lado del paciente y con la versatilidad de obtener resultados útiles para la toma de decisiones clínicas inmediatamente. Conclusión: la importancia del ultrasonido en la evaluación ginecológica y obstétrica de la yegua resalta la importancia de considerar los puntos de atención de la prueba en el examen ultrasonográfico del aparato reproductor de las yeguas.

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Influence of transrectal and transabdominal ultrasound examination on salivary cortisol, heart rate, and heart rate variability in mares

Cited by 24 publications

References 42 publications

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Heart rate variability parameters as markers of the adaptation to a sealed environment (a hypoxic normobaric chamber) in the horse

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