Influence of training status and exercise modality on pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics in pubertal girls

McNarry, Melitta A.; Welsman, Joanne R.; Jones, Andrew M.

doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1681-6

Cited by 29 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…The significant influence of training status on the relative GET in Pre girls contrasts previous reports in prepubertal children (9,31,62), while the lack of training status effect in Pub girls disagrees with an earlier study in adolescents (27). No studies are available that have specifically investigated the influence of training status in Post girls, but the current findings differ from those in adults (6,47).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The reason(s) for these contradictory results is (are) unclear; however, they do not support the concept of a maturational threshold. The faster MRT exhibited by the T girls in all three maturity groups during both exercise modalities agrees with studies reporting faster V O 2 kinetics in trained prepubertal children (62), pubertal adolescents, (27) and adults (1,17,24,37). The quantitative differences in SV according to training status in children are widely attributed to morphological adaptations of the myocardium, including an increased left ventricular dimension and mass and intraventricular and posterior wall thickness (e.g., Refs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Influence of training and maturity status on the cardiopulmonary responses to ramp incremental cycle and upper body exercise in girls

McNarry

Welsman

Jones

2011

Journal of Applied Physiology

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It has been suggested that the potential for training to alter the physiological responses to exercise in children is related to a "maturational threshold". To address this, we investigated the interaction of swim-training status and maturity on cardiovascular and metabolic responses to lower and upper body exercise. Twenty-one prepubertal [Pre: 11 trained (T), 10 untrained (UT)], 30 pubertal (Pub: 14 T, 16 UT), and 18 postpubertal (Post: 8 T, 10 UT) girls completed ramp incremental exercise on a cycle and an upper body ergometer. In addition to pulmonary gas exchange measurements, stroke volume and cardiac output were estimated by thoracic bioelectrical impedance, and muscle oxygenation status was assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy. All T girls had a higher peak O(2) uptake during cycle (Pre: T 49 ± 5 vs. UT 40 ± 4; Pub: T 46 ± 5 vs. UT 36 ± 4; Post: T 48 ± 5 vs. UT 39 ± 8 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1); all P < 0.05) and upper body exercise (Pre: T 37 ± 6 vs. UT 32 ± 5; Pub: T 36 ± 5 vs. UT 28 ± 5; Post: T 39 ± 3 vs. UT 28 ± 7 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1); all P < 0.05). T girls also had a higher peak cardiac output during both modalities, and this reached significance in Pub (cycle: T 21 ± 3 vs. UT 18 ± 3; upper body: T 20 ± 4 vs. UT 15 ± 4 l/min; all P < 0.05) and Post girls (cycle: T 21 ± 4 vs. UT 17 ± 2; upper body: T 22 ± 3 vs. UT 18 ± 2 l/min; all P < 0.05). None of the measured pulmonary, cardiovascular, or metabolic parameters interacted with maturity, and the magnitude of the difference between T and UT girls was similar, irrespective of maturity stage. These results challenge the notion that differences in training status in young people are only evident once a maturational threshold has been exceeded.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Influence of training and maturity status on the cardiopulmonary responses to ramp incremental cycle and upper body exercise in girls

McNarry

Welsman

Jones

2011

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…It has, however, previously been demonstrated that the menstrual phase has no effect on the p 2 o V  or HHb kinetics (Gurd et al 2007). The sample sizes were small, but were in accord with previous work published in this area (McNarry et al 2011;Winlove et al 2010). Furthermore, the lack of significant differences in HHb kinetics was offset by the large effect sizes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Earlier evidence from cross-sectional studies seemed to indicate that exercise training had no effect in reducing the time constant of the fundamental phase of p 2 o V  kinetics in pre-pubertal children (Cleuziou et al 2002;Obert et al 2000). More recent cross-sectional studies, however, have demonstrated that systematic exercise training may result in a speeding of the fundamental phase of p 2 o V  kinetics in both children (Winlove et al 2010) and adolescents (Marwood et al 2010, McNarry et al 2011. Such discrepancies may be explained by the lack of congruence between the training and experimental exercise modality in the earlier studies (Cleuziou et al 2002;Obert et al 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen uptake kinetics in trained adolescent females

et al. 2014

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Little evidence exists with regard to the effect that exercise training has upon oxygen uptake kinetics in adolescent females. PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to compare 2 o V  and muscle deoxygenation kinetics in a group of trained (Tr) and untrained (Utr) female adolescents. METHOD: Twelve trained (6.4 ± 0.9 years training, 10.3 ± 1.4 months per year training, 5.2 ± 2.0 hours per week) adolescent female soccer players (Age: 14.6 ± 0.7 years) were compared to a group (n=8) of recreationally active adolescent girls (Age: 15.1 ± 0.6 years) of similar maturity status. Subjects underwent two, 6-min exercise transitions at a workload equivalent to 80% of lactate threshold from a 3-min baseline of 10W. All subjects had a passive rest period of 1 hour between each square-wave transition. Breath-by-breath oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation were measured throughout and were modelled via a monoexponential decay with a delay relative to the start of exercise. RESULT: Peak 2 o V  was significantly (p<0.05) greater in the Tr compared to the Utr (Tr: 43.2 ± 3.2 mL·kg -1 min -1 vs. Utr: 34.6 ± 4.0 mL·kg -1 min -1 ). The 2 o V  time constant was significantly (p<0.05) faster in the Tr compared to the Utr (Tr: 26 .3 ± 6.9 s vs. Utr: 35.1 ± 11.5 s). There was no inter-group difference in the time constant for muscle deoxygenation kinetics (Tr: 8.5 ± 3.0 s vs. Utr: 12.4 ± 8.3 s); a large effect size, however, was demonstrated (-0.804). CONCLUSION: Exercise training and/or genetic self-selection results in faster kinetics in trained adolescent females. The faster 2 o V  kinetics seen in the trained group may result from enhanced muscle oxygen utilisation.

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“…In trained children, a faster heart rate response (Marwood et al 2010;McNarry et al 2011;Winlove et al 2010), which may provide a crude estimate of muscle blood flow kinetics (MacPhee et al 2005), and faster capillary blood flow kinetics have been shown (Marwood et al 2010). Although O 2 delivery is unlikely to be limiting in normal-weight, healthy children, whether an O 2 delivery limitation is present in obese children remains to be resolved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The influence of a six-week, high-intensity games intervention on the pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics in prepubertal obese and normal-weight children

McNarry

Lambrick

Westrupp

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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The pulmonary oxygen uptake response is deleteriously influenced by obesity in prepubertal children, as evidenced by a slower phase II response. To date, no studies have investigated the ability of an exercise intervention to ameliorate this. The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of a 6-week, high-intensity, games-orientated intervention on the oxygen uptake kinetic response of prepubertal obese and normal-weight children during heavy-intensity exercise. Thirteen normal-weight and 15 obese children participated in a twice-weekly exercise intervention involving repeated bouts of 6-min high-intensity, games-orientated exercises followed by 2 min of recovery. Sixteen normal-weight and 11 obese children served as a control group. At baseline and post-intervention, each participant completed a graded-exercise test to volitional exhaustion and constant work-rate, heavy-intensity exercise. Post-intervention, obese children demonstrated a reduced phase II τ (pre-intervention: 30 ± 8 cf. post-intervention: 24 ± 7 s), mean response time (pre-intervention: 50 ± 10 cf. post-intervention: 38 ± 9 s) and phase II amplitude (pre-intervention: 1.51 ± 0.30 cf. post-intervention: 1.34 ± 0.27 L·min(-1)). No changes were evident in the normal-weight children. In conclusion, the present findings demonstrate that a 6-week, high-intensity intervention can have a significant positive impact on the dynamic oxygen uptake response of obese prepubertal children.

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Influence of training status and exercise modality on pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics in pubertal girls

Cited by 29 publications

References 62 publications

Influence of training and maturity status on the cardiopulmonary responses to ramp incremental cycle and upper body exercise in girls

Influence of training and maturity status on the cardiopulmonary responses to ramp incremental cycle and upper body exercise in girls

Oxygen uptake kinetics in trained adolescent females

The influence of a six-week, high-intensity games intervention on the pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics in prepubertal obese and normal-weight children

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