Influence of tobacco chewing on oral health: A hospital-based cross-sectional study in Odisha

Mahapatra, Shilpa; Chaly, Preetha Elizabeth; Mohapatra, Smruti Chandan; Madhumitha, M

doi:10.4103/ijph.ijph_327_17

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The plaque levels and gingival inflammation increased in our study subjects with the duration of mishri use. The results are similar to previous research by Offenbacher S and Weathers DR study [28,29]. The CAL and PPD increased with the duration of the mishri use in our study which was statistically significant.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of Smokeless Tobacco (Mishri) Application on Periodontal Health and Correlation to the Duration of Use

Suragimath¹,

Patel²,

Mhatre³

et al. 2023

Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci

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Mishri is a form of smokeless tobacco used as a dentifrice in rural areas of central India. Mishri is applied to teeth and gums to clean the oral cavity. Mishri use has ill effects on oral health and periodontal tissues. The present study assessed the ill effect of mishri application periodontal tissues, and its correlation to the duration of use. A total of 300 subjects who used mishri as a dentifrice were considered. The enrolled subjects were categorized into three subgroups depending on the years of mishri usage. Age, gender, education level, socioeconomic status (SES), and body mass index (BMI), were recorded. Periodontal clinical parameters i.e. plaque index, gingival index, clinical attachment loss, and probing pocket depth were assessed. The data were statistically correlated with the duration of mishri usage with the Chi-square test and Analysis of variance. Out of the 300 subjects, 162 (54%) were males and 138 (46%) were females. SES and BMI had no association with mishri use but education level played a significant role in the avoidance of mishri use (P -0.041). All the periodontal clinical parameters deteriorated with the duration of mishri use (P -0.0001). It was concluded that mishri use was common in both genders. There was a deterioration of periodontal health and the progressive destruction of periodontal tissues with years of mishri use. The Dentist and community health workers should educate about the ill effects of tobacco use and mishri, as a dentifrice among the rural population.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of Smokeless Tobacco (Mishri) Application on Periodontal Health and Correlation to the Duration of Use

Suragimath¹,

Patel²,

Mhatre³

et al. 2023

Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci

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“…A hospital case–control study of Indian chewing tobacco users reported greater gingival bleeding (OR = 1.710; 95% CI 1.2–2.43), loss of attachment (OR = 2.393; 95% CI 1.55–3.69) and attrition (OR = 2.496; 95% CI 1.73–3.61) [ 41 ]. Other Indian studies reported self-reported chronic health conditions [ 42 ], obstetric and neonatal health but not of gastro-intestinal, urinary disease [ 43 ] or asthma [ 18 ], and reduced chronic lung disease (OR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.45–0.91) in SLT-product users [ 18 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The health impact of smokeless tobacco products: a systematic review

Hajat

Stein²,

Ramström

et al. 2021

Harm Reduct J

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Introduction The objective was to systematically review studies on health outcomes from smokeless tobacco (SLT) products. Methods We analysed published literature on the health outcomes from SLT use between 01/01/2015 to 01/02/2020, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Results Of 53 studies included, six were global, 32 from Asia, Middle East and Africa (AMEA), nine from USA and six from Europe. ‘Poor’-rated studies predominated (23;43%), in particular, for global (4;66%) and AMEA (16;50%). Health outcomes differed between SLT-products and regions; those in AMEA were associated with higher mortality (overall, cancer, Coronary heart disease (CHD), respiratory but not cardiovascular disease (CVD)), and morbidity (CVD, oral and head and neck cancers), with odds ratios up to 38.7. European studies showed no excess mortality (overall, CVD, from cancers) or morbidity (ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, oral, head and neck, pancreatic or colon cancers) from several meta-analyses; single studies reported elevated risk of rectal cancer and respiratory disorders. Pooled study data showed protection against developing Parkinson’s disease. US studies showed mixed results for mortality (raised overall, CHD, cancer and smoking-related cancer mortality; no excess risk of respiratory or CVD mortality). Morbidity outcomes were also mixed, with some evidence of increased IHD, stroke and cancer risk (oral, head and neck). No studies reported on switching from cigarettes to SLT-products. Conclusion Our review demonstrates stark differences between different SLT-products in different regions, ranging from zero harm from European snus to greatly increased health risks in AMEA. The literature on the safety profile for SLT-products for harm reduction is incomplete and potentially misinforming policy and regulation.

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“…Two hospital-based case-control studies showed associations between chewing tobacco and breast cancer (OR=2. 48 Other studies reported poorer self-reported health issues in India including chronic health conditions, 49 obstetric and neonatal health but not of gastrointestinal, urinary disease 50 or asthma,25 and reduced risk of chronic lung disease (OR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.45-0.91).25…”

Section: Other Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health Impact of Smokeless Tobacco Products: A Systematic Review

Hajat¹,

Stein²,

Ramström³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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IntroductionThe objective was to systematically review studies reporting on health outcomes from smokeless tobacco (SLT) products.MethodsWe included published literature on the health impact of SLT from 01/01/2015 until 01/02/2020 following the PRISMA protocol using PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar. ResultsOf 321 studies identified, 53 met eligibility criteria; 23(43%) were rated as poor, 21(39%) fair and 9(17%) as good. Health outcomes differed starkly between SLT products and global regions. SLT products in Asia, Middle East and Africa were associated with higher mortality (overall, cancer, CHD, respiratory but not CVD), and morbidity (CVD, oral and head and neck cancers), with odds ratios as high as 39 (shammah use). European studies showed no excess mortality (overall, CVD, from cancers) or morbidity (IHD, stroke, oral, head and neck, pancreatic or colon cancers) from several meta-analyses but single studies reporting elevated risk of rectal cancer and respiratory disorders. Pooled studies showed a protective effect against developing Parkinson’s disease. US studies showed mixed results for mortality (raised overall, CHD, cancer and smoking-related cancer mortality; no excess risk of respiratory or CVD mortality). Morbidity outcomes were also mixed, with some evidence of increased IHD, stroke and cancer risk (oral, head and neck). No studies reported on the health impact of switching from cigarettes to SLT products. ConclusionOur review has demonstrated stark differences between different SLT products in different regions on health impact, ranging from no harm from European snus to greatly increased health risks from SLT products used in Asia, Middle East and Africa. The literature on the impact of SLT products for harm reduction is incomplete and potentially misinforming policy and regulation.

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Influence of tobacco chewing on oral health: A hospital-based cross-sectional study in Odisha

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Smokeless Tobacco (Mishri) Application on Periodontal Health and Correlation to the Duration of Use

Effect of Smokeless Tobacco (Mishri) Application on Periodontal Health and Correlation to the Duration of Use

The health impact of smokeless tobacco products: a systematic review

The Health Impact of Smokeless Tobacco Products: A Systematic Review

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