Influence of three-dimensional image viewing on visual function

Abstract

Under the conditions of this study, 3D image viewing did not influence visual function, or only very slightly influenced it, if at all, but there are many unknown problems, requiring further surveys using 3D image viewing.

Changes in ocular factors according to depth variation and viewer age after watching a three-dimensional display

“…Additionally, a gradual reduction in corneal sensitivity may have prevented the subjects from experiencing normal physiological responses—including ocular discomfort—despite altered tear dynamics 26 27. Another study6 that included subjects with a mean age of 42.1 (range, 26–57) years reported no significant change in subjective symptoms after watching 3D videos compared with baseline data; this is consistent with our thinking. Additionally, the subject assessment method may be affected by individual bias because of the emotional state of the subject at the time of questioning.…”

“…However, other studies have reported that the effects of 3D viewing on the human visual system do not differ significantly from those of 2D viewing 5 6…”

Ophthalmological factors influencing visual asthenopia as a result of viewing 3D displays

“…Also, there was no significant correlation between the change of the ophthalmological factors and the subjective symptoms. In other studies with 3D displays,17 there was no significant change after watching 3D displays compared with baseline data. It is possible that 10 items representing ocular symptoms or six nominal scales of the questionnaire did not accurately reflect the subject's real symptoms during or after viewing 3D displays.…”

Effect of Illumination on Ocular Status Modifications Induced by Short-Term 3D TV Viewing

“…These binocular visual function parameters were focused on in this study because these parameters have been widely used in previous studies of 3D TV viewing-induced visual discomfort [6, 15, 16]. …”

“…Despite improvements in modern 3D viewing techniques, several studies have shown that prolonged exposure to 3D TV can temporally modify ocular status [1], including the conflict between accommodation and convergence while viewing stereo displays [2], a reduction in accommodation velocity [3], transient myopia [4], a reduction in pupillary movement in the near reflex [5], and microfluctuation in human adults [6], indicating some degree of visual plasticity in adults. Such ocular modifications induced by 3D TV have been suspected as a primary cause of visual discomfort [2, 7, 8].…”