Influence of the Type of Nanofillers on the Properties of Composites Used in Dentistry and 3D Printing

Abstract

Photopolymerization is a growing field with an extensive range of applications and is environmentally friendly owing to its energy-efficient nature. Such light-assisted curing methods were initially used to cure the coatings. However, it has become common to use photopolymerization to produce 3D objects, such as bridges or dental crowns, as well as to cure dental fillings. In this study, polymer nanocomposites containing inorganic nanofillers (such as zinc nano-oxide and zinc nano-oxide doped with two wt.% aluminum, titanium nano-oxide, kaolin nanoclay, zirconium nano-oxide, aluminum nano-oxide, and silicon nano-oxide) were fabricated and studied using Real Time FT-IR to investigate the effects of these nanoadditives on the final conversion rates of the obtained nanocomposites. The effects of the fillers on the viscosity of the produced nanocomposites were also investigated, and 3D prints of the selected nanocomposites were presented.

Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review of Actual Popular Technologies

“…The second characteristic is the filler content, which affects the final mechanical properties of the printed element and the rheological properties of the printing resin [55]. Excessively high filler content can lead to a more significant diffusion of incident light energy [56].…”

“…Although printing resins contain well-known monomers such as Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, and UDMA, they also contain less-known monomers directly derived from the chemical industry. This observation, combined with the high opacity of safety data sheets provided by manufacturers and the novelty of this technology, suggests the need for The second characteristic is the filler content, which affects the final mechanical properties of the printed element and the rheological properties of the printing resin [55]. Excessively high filler content can lead to a more significant diffusion of incident light energy [56].…”

Revealing the photoredox potential of azulene derivatives as panchromatic photoinitiators in various light-initiated polymerization processes

“…1–8 Photopolymerization is used in various fields of industry, such as photolithography to create printed circuit boards, the coating industry to photocure polymer adhesives, medicine to create functional hydrogel biomaterials, for the manufacturing of responsive and conductive materials, as well as nanostructured materials with improved mechanical properties. 9–14 In addition, the use of photopolymerization as a method for obtaining these functional polymeric materials provides an opportunity to control the ongoing process. Studying of the kinetics is possible via real-time monitoring such as Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which enables the study of monomer conversion by tracking the disappearance of the characteristic vibrational bands of the interacting functional group and is one of the most widely used techniques for evaluating the conversion of functional groups of monomers and oligomers.…”