Influence of the Tone of the Autonomic Nervous System on Saturated Fatty Acid Content in Blood Lipids in Cows During Winter and Summer Period

Abstract

The autonomic nervous system is of great importance in regulating the homeostasis of the animal body. In particular, the sympathetic and parasympathetic departments of the nervous system affect the physiological and biochemical processes in the animal body to adjust the body's activity depending on the factors of the external and internal environment. The purpose of the study is to find out the influence of the tone of the autonomic nervous system on the content of saturated fatty acids in lipids of blood plasma in cows depending on the season. The study was performed on cows of the Ukrainian black and spotted dairy breed of the 3rd–4th lactation. The tone of the autonomic nervous system in cows was determined by cardiological examination according to the Baevskyi method. The content of saturated fatty acids in lipids of blood plasma was determined by the gas chromatography method. Comparing the results obtained in the winter and summer periods, differences in the content of saturated fatty acids in lipids of blood plasma in cows were found. Normotonic cows were characterized by a significantly higher content of caproic, lauric, stearic, and arachidic acids (р≤0.05–0.001) in the winter period and myristic and pentadecanoic acids (р≤0.001) in the summer period. In winter, sympathotonic cows had high levels of caproic, capric, myristic, and arachidic acids in lipids of blood plasma (р≤0.05–0.001), and in summer period – pentadecanoic, palmitic, and stearic acids (р≤0.05– 0.001). In blood plasma of vagotonic cows, there were high levels of stearic and arachidic acids (р≤0.001) in the winter period, while in the summer period – caproic, lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids (р≤0.01–0.001). According to the results of the study, it should be noted that the tone of the autonomic nervous system can affect the processes of saturated fatty acid metabolism in cows.