Influence of the Synthesis Process on the Physical Property Characteristics of BiFeO₃ Ceramics Prepared by Flux-based Molten Salt and Solid-state Reaction Route: A Comparative Study

Abstract

We report the influence of the solid-state reaction (SSR) and molten-salt synthesis (MSS) routes on the physical properties of the multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) compound exploited for capacitors and memory devices. Rietveld refinement reveals that the MSS-derived BFO ceramics have exhibited a pure-phase distorted rhombohedral perovskite structure at low temperatures (650℃) compared to the SSR method. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy illustrates the uniform distribution of spherical-shaped BFO grains. By altering the fabrication route, the calculated bandgap values of BFO were tuned within the range of (2.14±0.02) to (2.05±0.02) eV based on Tauc’s plot. The suppression of oxygen vacancies led to better dielectric characteristics at higher frequencies in the MSS-prepared BFO nanoceramics. Also, the MSS-derived BFO ceramics possessed a typical canted-AFM loop with a higher MR value of ~2.73 x 10-2 emu/g. These observations suggest that fabrication techniques have a decisive effect on the phase formation kinetics and multiferroic properties of BFO ceramics.

Structural and Electrical Properties of Li Substituted Mg Nano Ferrites: Prepared by Citrate-gel Auto Combustion Method

“…Various methods have been developed to synthesis of nanoferrites micro emulsion method, ball milling method, 18 co-precipitation, solid state method, 19 hydrothermal method, 20 citrate gel auto combustion method. 21 In this citrate gel auto combustion method significance took, because of easy to set up reaction, low energy used, homogeneous mixture can obtain, low temperature calcination, low cost etc, Optoelectronic materials can be used in the various filed application like storage devices, telecommunication, and signal processing devices.…”