Influence of the Soil Reclamation Plants on the Forest Vegetative Properties of Soil and Growth of the Crops of Pinus Sylvestris in the Pine Forest Conditions

Abstract

Biological reclamation by plants with nitrogen-fixing symbionts and enriching the soil with organic substances is an urgent problem for the Republic of Mari El, where sod -podzolic loam, sandy loam and sandy soils with low organic content, nitrogen and other important elements was expanded. The feasibility of establishing a pine culture with the introduction of soil-improving plants was noted by many researchers, but their impact on the effectiveness of silvicultural properties of the soil, physiological processes and growth are poorly understood. In this paper we evaluated the influence of soil reclamation plants on silvicultural properties of soils, the intensity of the basic physiological processes and growth index of Scots pine. According to research, the perspective and cost-effective measure for improving the fertility of poor sandy coniferous soil, improving resilience and productivity of pine plantations is the introduction of the common juniper and soil reclamation plants with nitrogen-fixing symbionts, such as Russian broom, perennial lupine. When choosing the plants we should recognize its water regime. At the conditions of sufficient moisture it is suitably administered to the cultures of Scots pine, common juniper and perennial lupine. In the dry forest conditions the most effective is an introduction the culture of Scots pine, Russian broom. At the same time, the porosity of the soil increases from 47 to 52% and the content of humus and nitrogen by rises to18-20%.