Influence of the serotonin transporter gene polymorphism, cannabis and childhood sexual abuse on phenotype of bipolar disorder: A preliminary study

Abstract

The short allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of the 5-HTT gene was a risk factor for psychotic symptoms in bipolar disorder in the present sample, directly but also indirectly, through the presence of cannabis abuse or dependence, as an exacerbating factor heightening psychotic symptoms.

Biological aspects and candidate biomarkers for psychotic bipolar disorder: A systematic review

“…Among case–control studies, most of the data concern the 5HTTLPR (s) gene, with contrasting results . No significant differences have been detected in serotonin‐related gene polymorphisms (5‐HT2A ‐1438A/G, TPH1 218 A/C, TPH2 703G/T) between psychotic and non‐psychotic mania groups in a Korean population …”

The impact of child sexual abuse on the course of bipolar disorder: a systematic review

“…Sociodemographic and clinical information, including diagnoses and exposure to child sexual abuse, were obtained at the time of entrance to the study using clinical charts and/or investigator‐authored or standardized, structured, or semi‐structured clinical interviews with the subjects. To assess the potential relationship between child sexual abuse and a variety of clinical variables among subjects with bipolar disorder, univariate [most commonly chi‐squared test (39, 42, 44, 46, 48–53) and t ‐test (39, 41, 43, 45, 46, 50, 54)] and/or multivariate [most commonly logistic regression (40–42, 44–48, 50, 51, 55)] inferential statistics were used. The following clinical variables were most frequently examined at univariate and/or multivariate level: suicide attempts (39, 41, 44–46, 50, 51, 53), age at onset of bipolar disorder (39, 41, 43, 49, 50), substance‐related disorders (41, 42, 46, 48, 50), posttraumatic stress disorder (41, 47, 50, 55), psychotic symptoms (42, 49, 55, 56), rapid cycling (41, 46, 50), and number of psychiatric hospitalizations (39, 41, 52).…”

“…To assess the potential relationship between child sexual abuse and a variety of clinical variables among subjects with bipolar disorder, univariate [most commonly chi‐squared test (39, 42, 44, 46, 48–53) and t ‐test (39, 41, 43, 45, 46, 50, 54)] and/or multivariate [most commonly logistic regression (40–42, 44–48, 50, 51, 55)] inferential statistics were used. The following clinical variables were most frequently examined at univariate and/or multivariate level: suicide attempts (39, 41, 44–46, 50, 51, 53), age at onset of bipolar disorder (39, 41, 43, 49, 50), substance‐related disorders (41, 42, 46, 48, 50), posttraumatic stress disorder (41, 47, 50, 55), psychotic symptoms (42, 49, 55, 56), rapid cycling (41, 46, 50), and number of psychiatric hospitalizations (39, 41, 52). The following variables were most frequently considered in multivariate analyses: age of subjects at study entrance (41, 44, 47, 48, 55), gender (41, 44, 47, 55), race (44, 47, 55), suicide attempts (41, 48, 50), posttraumatic stress disorder (41, 48, 55), anxiety disorders (41, 44, 51), substance problems (40–42, 44, 46), child physical abuse (44, 46–48, 51), and child emotional abuse (44–47).…”

“…Of these 18 studies, none were rejected on the basis of quality assessment. Thus, all of these 18 studies (39–56) were included in the present systematic review.…”

Genome-wide significant association between a ‘negative mood delusions’ dimension in bipolar disorder and genetic variation on chromosome 3q26.1

“…In linkage studies, subphenotyping BD patients according to relevant selected features led to the identification of potential susceptibility loci specific to psychotic BD, 10, 11, 12, 13 BD with comorbid anxiety 10 and BD with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. 14 In candidate gene studies, NRG1 , 15 5-HTTLPR 16 and COMT 17 have been implicated in BD with psychotic symptoms, whereas DAOA has been implicated in BD with persecutory delusions. 18 …”