Influence of the Pulfrich phenomenon on driving performance

Breyer, Armin; Jiang, Xiaoyi; Rütsche, Adrian; Bieri, Hanspeter; Oexl, Thomas; Baumann, Ann; Mojon, Daniel S.

doi:10.1007/s00417-006-0272-z

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Although some of these problems may seem mild, recognizing the symptoms of a spontaneous Pulfrich effect is important, as they may be potentially distressing and even dangerous, with the risk of road traffic accidents [36,43]. To investigate the influence of the Pulfrich effect on driving performance, Breyer et al [44] performed a three-dimensional computer driving simulation test on seven normal subjects, and found that the perturbation on vehicle position was greatest when the visual axis of the driver experiencing a Pulfrich effect was 90°to the direction of vehicle movement. This scenario is most likely to arise in parking but may also arise under certain driving circumstances, for example, when driving around a sharp bend.…”

Section: Motion-disparity Symptoms Associated With the Spontaneous Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pulfrich effect in the clinic

Heng

Dutton

2011

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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First described in 1922 by Carl Pulfrich, the Pulfrich effect is a stereo-illusion thought to be caused by an inter-ocular signal latency difference stimulating neurons jointly tuned to disparity and motion. Clinically, this can be a spontaneous manifestation due to various ocular and central visual pathway pathologies, and cause symptoms independent of a range of routine visual parameters which may seem bizarre to both the patient and the clinician. Eliciting such symptoms of difficulties with motion and depth perception in a clinical history should direct the clinician to the possibility of the presence of the spontaneous Pulfrich effect, and to proceed to test for it. A spontaneous Pulfrich effect may be the first presentation of a previously undiagnosed condition, and warrants further investigation to identify the underlying cause. Alternatively, a spontaneous Pulfrich effect may be the unrecognized complication of a previously diagnosed condition. The symptoms associated with a spontaneous Pulfrich effect can be managed by treating the underlying cause in reversible conditions, or by prescribing appropriate monocular tinted lenses in front of the unaffected or less affected eye in persistent conditions.

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Section: Motion-disparity Symptoms Associated With the Spontaneous Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pulfrich effect in the clinic

Heng

Dutton

2011

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…Finally, there are the requirements summarised in Table for transmittance. Many eye protectors are used in outdoor situations and the need to provide protection against discomfort glare is no less for the sports participant than for the spectator or anyone else in the same environment . Since the sports often include fast‐moving objects, the need for the lenses of a pair to be matched reasonably closely in transmittance, so that judgement of distance is not affected adversely, seems no less than for the casual bystander, whose sunglasses are covered by a sunglass standard.…”

Section: Available Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sports eyewear protective standards

Dain

2016

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Eye injuries sustained during sport comprise up to 20 per cent of all injuries to the eye serious enough for medical attention to be sought. The prevalence of eye injuries in sport is not easily assessed due to lack of authoritative participation rates, so most studies report total numbers in a time period. The evidence on the proportion of all ocular injuries that are from sport is reviewed. The relative frequencies in different sports are compared in a qualitative manner and the sports with greater numbers of ocular injuries are detailed. In common with occupational injuries to the eye, most sports eye injuries are considered preventable.The hierarchy of action for occupational risk is detailed and adapted to use in a sports scenario. All the available international, regional and national standards on sports eye protection are detailed and their provisions compared. The major function of the standards is to provide adequate protection against the hazard of the sport concerned. These are detailed and compared as a function of energy transfer. Eye protection must not introduce additional or secondary hazards (for instance, fracturing into sharp fragments on impact) and not introduce features that would deter the wearing of eye protection (for instance, restricting field of view to impede playing the sport). The provisions of the standards intended to limit secondary hazards are detailed and compared.The need for future work in standards writing and the activities of the International Standardization Organization in sports eye protection are detailed.

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“…A recent paper [21] has investigated the Pulfrich effect provoked in normals, using a driving simulator. They report that errors were only made for the location of objects orthogonal to the direction the car was being driven.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%