The relevance of choosing the subject of research, as the use of autonomous robotic systems for various purposes and the object of research, which are algorithmic problems arising in terms of algorithm security control, is determined by the existing contradiction between the need for autonomous robotic systems and the complexity of the software implementation of this requirement. The study was conducted on the example of the application of robotics in the field of autonomous transport systems. The implementation of trends of autonomization in this area generates certain legal and technological problems related to the security of algorithmic support of autonomous systems. The manifestation of such problems are critical application errors that are problematic to identify at the development stage. In robotics, the main potential cause of these errors is the functioning of the software of autonomous robotic systems outside the framework of deterministic algorithms that were tested during their development. And if for conventional technical systems the consequences of application errors are predictable, and responsibility for their results is determined, then for the case of autonomous robots, the situation requires a solution. In the article, using general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, the main aspects of the current state and prospects of the problem of algorithmization of the use of autonomous systems are investigated. Based on a review analysis of algorithmic problems of using autonomous robots, possible consequences and causes of algorithmic errors arising from their use, the formulation of the scientific problem of solving the problem of developing heuristic algorithms that determine their application using a dynamically formed system of predicate behavior similar to human morality is synthesized.