Influence of the personalities and adherence to therapy on the metabolic control type 1 diabetes in adolescents

Abstract

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) in children and adolescents occupies a leading place in the structure of chronic diseases of childhood. Despite modern advances in the treatment and control of CT 1, adolescents have problems with glycemic control in comparison with other age groups.Aim. Is to estimate the correlation between the degree of compensation for diabetes in adolescents and the features of the personality profile, emotional and behavioural characteristics and environmental factors.Materials and methods. The study included 101 children aged 11 to 17 years, treated to pump insulin therapy or multiple injections of insulin. Adherence and compliance to therapy was assessed using the Medication Adherence Questionnaire (MAQ) and the Self Care Inventory-Revised Version (SCI-R). Emotional and behavioral problems were evaluated using the Youth self-report for ages 11-18. Characterization of personality profile was assessed using the The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire». Results. Diabetes was compensated in 25% of children (HbA1c < 7,0%). A statistically significant relationship was established between the degree of patient compliance and the level of HbA1c. The predictive role of individual psychological characteristics on compliance has been determined. Factors such as realism and acceptance of moral norms have a positive impact on compliance.Conclusions. The therapy compliance indicator is the most significant indicator of better compensation for type 1 diabetes in adolescents. The personality traits of adolescents, such as acceptance of moral norms and realism — sensitivity have a predictive effect on the therapy compliance.