Influence of the parental virus strain on the virulence and immunogenicity of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing HBV preS2-S protein or VZV glycoprotein I

Kutinovà, L; Ludvíková,; Kryštofová, Jitka; Otavová, M; Simonová,; Němečková, Šárka; Hainz, Petr; Vonka,

doi:10.1016/0264-410x(96)00008-4

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…VACV strain Western Reserve (WR), Dryvax and Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) were used. MVA [26] and a plaque isolate of Dryvax (D50; [27] , [28] , [29] ) were kindly provided by Dr. Nemeckova. VACV strains WR and Dryvax were propagated in BSC-40 cells as described previously [29] , [30] , while MVA was propagated in primary chicken embryonal fibroblasts (CEFs; kindly provided by Dr. Geryk from the Czech Academy of Sciences).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Eczema Vaccinatum in Atopic Mouse Models and Efficacy of MVA Vaccination against Lethal Poxviral Infection

et al. 2014

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Smallpox vaccine based on live, replicating vaccinia virus (VACV) is associated with several potentially serious and deadly complications. Consequently, a new generation of vaccine based on non-replicating Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) has been under clinical development. MVA seems to induce good immune responses in blood tests, but it is impossible to test its efficacy in vivo in human. One of the serious complications of the replicating vaccine is eczema vaccinatum (EV) occurring in individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD), thus excluding them from all preventive vaccination schemes. In this study, we first characterized and compared development of eczema vaccinatum in different mouse strains. Nc/Nga, Balb/c and C57Bl/6J mice were epicutaneously sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) or saline control to induce signs of atopic dermatitis and subsequently trans-dermally (t.d.) immunized with VACV strain Western Reserve (WR). Large primary lesions occurred in both mock- and OVA-sensitized Nc/Nga mice, while they remained small in Balb/c and C57Bl/6J mice. Satellite lesions developed in both mock- and OVA-sensitized Nc/Nga and in OVA-sensitized Balb/c mice with the rate 40–50%. Presence of mastocytes and eosinophils was the highest in Nc/Nga mice. Consequently, we have chosen Nc/Nga mice as a model of AD/EV and tested efficacy of MVA and Dryvax vaccinations against a lethal intra-nasal (i.n.) challenge with WR, the surrogate of smallpox. Inoculation of MVA intra-muscularly (i.m.) or t.d. resulted in no lesions, while inoculation of Dryvax t.d. yielded large primary and many satellite lesions similar to WR. Eighty three and 92% of mice vaccinated with a single dose of MVA i.m. or t.d., respectively, survived a lethal i.n. challenge with WR without any serious illness, while all Dryvax-vaccinated animals survived. This is the first formal prove of protective immunity against a lethal poxvirus challenge induced by vaccination with MVA in an atopic organism.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Eczema Vaccinatum in Atopic Mouse Models and Efficacy of MVA Vaccination against Lethal Poxviral Infection

et al. 2014

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“…Plaque-purified vaccinia virus lines were shown to differ significantly in neurovirulence for mice, in their ability to evoke immune responses against the inserted gene product, and in their HindIII restriction maps. 12,13 From virus stocks that underwent serial passages, variants could be recovered that contained deletions within or extending beyond the inverted terminal repeat regions, [14][15][16][17] some of which were as large as 9 MDa ($5% of the genome). The variant viruses often exhibit reduced infectivity and reduced virulence for mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACAM2000 clonal Vero cell culture vaccinia virus (New York City Board of Health strain) – a second-generation smallpox vaccine for biological defense

Monath

CALDWELL

Mundt

et al. 2004

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

119

118

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The threat of smallpox as a biological weapon has spurred efforts to create stockpiles of vaccine for emergency preparedness. In lieu of preparing vaccine in animal skin (the original method), we cloned vaccinia virus (New York City Board of Health strain, Dryvax by plaque purification and amplified the clone in cell culture. The overarching goal was to produce a modern vaccine that was equivalent to the currently licensed Dryvax in its preclinical and clinical properties, and could thus reliably protect humans against smallpox. A variety of clones were evaluated, and many were unacceptably virulent in animal models. One clonal virus (ACAM1000) was selected and produced at clinical grade in MRC-5 human diploid cells. ACAM1000 was comparable to Dryvax in immunogenicity and protective activity but was less neurovirulent for mice and nonhuman primates. To meet requirements for large quantities of vaccine after the events of September 11th 2001, the ACAM1000 master virus seed was used to prepare vaccine (designated ACAM2000) at large scale in Vero cells under serum-free conditions. The genomes of ACAM1000 and ACAM2000 had identical nucleotide sequences, and the vaccines had comparable biological phenotypes. ACAM1000 and ACAM2000 were evaluated in three Phase 1 clinical trials. The vaccines produced major cutaneous reactions and evoked neutralizing antibody and cell-mediated immune responses in the vast majority of subjects and had a reactogenicity profile similar to that of Dryvax.

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“…Monoclonal antibody (MAb) to VZV gE mediates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and, in the presence of exogenous complement, also neutralizes virus infectivity in vitro [Grose and Littwin, 1988;Grose, 1989]. Ludovikova et al [1991] and more recently Kutinova et al [1996] reported that recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing gE elicited an antibody response in mice capable of neutralizing VZV infectivity in the presence of complement. gB, the second most abundant and immunogenic glycoprotein of the virus is specified by ORF31, located in the U L region of the VZV genome [Davison and Scott, 1986].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neutralizing antibody responses induced by varicella-zoster virus gE and gB glycoproteins following infection, reactivation or immunization

Haumont¹,

Jurdan²,

Kangro³

et al. 1997

J. Med. Virol.

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The purpose of this study was to compare the antibody responses to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) gE and gB after natural VZV infection and after vaccination with live attenuated OKA vaccine in order to determine the relative importance of these proteins as components of a subunit vaccine. Anti-VZV antibody titers determined by IFA were of the same order of magnitude in sera from individuals with a history of varicella and in vaccinated children but higher in individuals given booster vaccination. The titers of anti-gE and anti-gB antibodies were measured by ELISA using recombinant gE or gB as capture antigen. From these experiments, it appears that the ratio of anti-gE to anti-gB antibody is highly variable from one individual to another but relatively stable over a long period of time for a particular individual, even after a zoster episode. Neutralizing antibodies directed against gE or gB were also measured by subtracting the neutralization titers obtained before and after depletion of the specific antibodies on immobilized recombinant gE, gB, or both. This showed that, with respect to neutralization, anti-gE and anti-gB are equally prevalent in vaccinated children and that anti-gE is generally, but not always, predominant over anti-gB in VZV-infected individuals. Finally, antibodies to these two glycoproteins appear to be predominant among the neutralizing antibodies directed to other VZV antigens.

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Influence of the parental virus strain on the virulence and immunogenicity of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing HBV preS2-S protein or VZV glycoprotein I

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Development of Eczema Vaccinatum in Atopic Mouse Models and Efficacy of MVA Vaccination against Lethal Poxviral Infection

Development of Eczema Vaccinatum in Atopic Mouse Models and Efficacy of MVA Vaccination against Lethal Poxviral Infection

ACAM2000 clonal Vero cell culture vaccinia virus (New York City Board of Health strain) – a second-generation smallpox vaccine for biological defense

Neutralizing antibody responses induced by varicella-zoster virus gE and gB glycoproteins following infection, reactivation or immunization

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