2018
DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00664
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Influence of the Nature of the Amino Group in Highly Fluorescent Difluoroborates Exhibiting Intramolecular Charge Transfer

Abstract: A series of difluoroborates were synthesized from CH acids. All compounds were substituted with dialkylamino groups (NR). The lone electron pair of the nitrogen atom of this donor moiety is variably delocalized toward the difluoroborate core that acts as the electron acceptor. This was rationalized in light of the various geometries of the amino group. The degree of charge transfer was quantified on the basis of the results of time-dependent density functional theory calculations.

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Cited by 27 publications
(18 citation statements)
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References 47 publications
(96 reference statements)
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“…Quantum chemistry can answer some of these questions by exploring the chemical and photochemical properties of BODIPY dyes, such as their luminescence spectra or the fluorescence/phosphorescence ratio. However, the most commonly used functionals applied within the framework of time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) are not able to reproduce the photophysical properties of BODIPY dyes. , Several groups have overcome this difficulty by using other methods like SOS-CIS­(D) and CASPT2 , or using purpose-specific functionals. , These solutions are unfortunately not a panacea as SOS-CIS­(D) results rely on the quality of the underlying CIS calculation while CASPT2 requires an active space and suffers from the intruder state problem. Thus, an accurate theoretical method which is capable of delivering results of a uniform quality in a black box fashion and without such deficiencies is much desired for the study of larger molecules such as BODIPY compounds.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Quantum chemistry can answer some of these questions by exploring the chemical and photochemical properties of BODIPY dyes, such as their luminescence spectra or the fluorescence/phosphorescence ratio. However, the most commonly used functionals applied within the framework of time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) are not able to reproduce the photophysical properties of BODIPY dyes. , Several groups have overcome this difficulty by using other methods like SOS-CIS­(D) and CASPT2 , or using purpose-specific functionals. , These solutions are unfortunately not a panacea as SOS-CIS­(D) results rely on the quality of the underlying CIS calculation while CASPT2 requires an active space and suffers from the intruder state problem. Thus, an accurate theoretical method which is capable of delivering results of a uniform quality in a black box fashion and without such deficiencies is much desired for the study of larger molecules such as BODIPY compounds.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The effect of the twist may be used in bioimaging as a tool to change the properties of the fluorophore, making it responsive due to the PICT (planar intramolecular charge transfer) mechanism. 52 It is also worth recalling that alkyl groups (Et in this case) are electron donating substituents. Thus, the overall electron accepting properties of the BF 2 core are decreased and so is the effectiveness of the charge transfer.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…17° and 6° for core CH and CHC 6 H 4 single bonds, respectively). The effect of the twist may be used in bioimaging as a tool to change the properties of the fluorophore, making it responsive due to the PICT (planar intramolecular charge transfer) mechanism . It is also worth recalling that alkyl groups (Et in this case) are electron donating substituents.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The introduction of electrondonating groups or additional conjugated fragments into such molecules shifts the spectral maxima to an even longer wavelengths. [13][14][15][16][17] However, such derivatives require multistep synthesis based on lithiation of 2-alkyl pyridines. In this work, we demonstrate that similar highly fluorescent derivatives can be synthesized starting from pyridineacetic acids just in two steps (Scheme 1).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%