Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging

Abstract

The life expectancy of the global population has increased. Aging is a natural physiological process that poses major challenges in an increasingly long-lived and frail population. Several molecular mechanisms are involved in aging. Likewise, the gut microbiota, which is influenced by environmental factors such as diet, plays a crucial role in the modulation of these mechanisms. The Mediterranean diet, as well as the components present in it, offer some proof of this. Achieving healthy aging should be focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits that reduce the development of pathologies that are associated with aging, in order to increase the quality of life of the aging population. In this review we analyze the influence of the Mediterranean diet on the molecular pathways and the microbiota associated with more favorable aging patterns, as well as its possible role as an anti-aging treatment.

Focus on senescence: Clinical significance and practical applications

“…This dietary pattern has been associated with improved health outcomes during aging. The MedDiet [104] as a whole, or its individual components, has an essential impact on modulating CS, as shown in preclinical and clinical studies. These effects may contribute to the observed benefits of the MedDiet in terms of reducing the risk of age‐related diseases and promoting longevity.…”

Dose-Dependent Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on the Endothelium—Sepsis versus Metabolic Endotoxemia-Induced Cellular Senescence

“…It can have detrimental effects on tissue function and homeostasis, and thus, it plays a significant role in age-related dysfunction of the vascular system and the development of cardiovascular diseases. Cells undergoing senescence sometimes exhibit a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) [64,65]. The SASP-associated inflammatory molecules expressed by vascular cells in atherosclerotic lesions and LPS-induced cellular senescence exaggerate the pathogenesis of CVDs [66].…”

Nutritional therapy bridges the critical cut-off point for the closed-loop role of type 2 diabetes and bone homeostasis: A narrative review

“…); Probiotics. Bone benefits [ 41 , [138] , [139] , [140] ]: Provide high quality protein, calcium and trace elements for bone formation and metabolism; Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and alkalinizing properties increase bone formation, inhibit bone resorption and reduce trabecular separation; Increase alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition, and controls OB proliferation and maturation; Reduce bone resorption and calcium loss caused by saturated fatty acids, high sodium content; Decrease the likelihood of ferroptosis in osteocytes. Vegetarian eating patterns Surplus portion [ 102 , 141 ]: ALA, PUFA, fiber, carotenoids, vitamin B, vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin K, potassium, magnesium, manganese, copper, etc.…”