Influence of the hole-transport layer on the initial behavior and lifetime of inverted organic photovoltaics

Lloyd, Matthew T.; Peters, Craig H.; García, Alberto Luis García; Kauvar, Isaac; Berry, Joseph J.; Reese, Matthew O.; McGehee, Michael D.; Ginley, David S.; Olson, Dana C.

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2010.12.036

Cited by 114 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

107

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is in agreement with the both the XPS data and with reports from other material systems such as P3HT and PCDTBT [17,18]. As with the non-inverted devices, it is clear that devices made without the processing additive possess greater lifetime than devices with additive.…”

Section: Device Lifetime Datasupporting

confidence: 91%

Chemical changes in PCPDTBT:PCBM solar cells using XPS and TOF-SIMS and use of inverted device structure for improving lifetime performance

Kettle

Waters

Ding

et al. 2015

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Device Lifetime Datasupporting

confidence: 91%

Chemical changes in PCPDTBT:PCBM solar cells using XPS and TOF-SIMS and use of inverted device structure for improving lifetime performance

Kettle

Waters

Ding

et al. 2015

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The circular oriented degradation pattern caused by molecular oxygen has (besides from TOF-SIMS imaging) been observed using techniques such as fluorescence microscopy, [204] electroluminescence imaging (ELI), [209] photoluminescence Imaging (PLI), [209] and light beam induced current microscopy (LBIC). [196] The obvious way to avoid or diminish this phenomenon is to use thicker electrodes and/or encapsulation. This phenomenon is not significant for R2R processed devices where the top electrode (e.g.…”

Section: The Barrier Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of Polymer Solar Cells

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) evolve in an exponential manner in the two key areas of efficiency and stability. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) has in the last decade been increased by almost a factor of ten approaching 10%. A main concern has been the stability that was previously measured in minutes, but can now, in favorable circumstances, exceed many thousands of hours. This astonishing achievement is the subject of this article, which reviews the developments in stability/degradation of OPVs in the last five years. This progress has been gained by several developments, such as inverted device structures of the bulk heterojunction geometry device, which allows for more stable metal electrodes, the choice of more photostable active materials, the introduction of interfacial layers, and roll-to-roll fabrication, which promises fast and cheap production methods while creating its own challenges in terms of stability.

show abstract

“…As already mentioned, in both cases there is a composition gradient along the short axis in which the top side contains 100% polymer and the bottom 100% PC70BM. The resulting devices are characterized by means of LBIC to obtain a local photocurrent map [38][39][40] (Figure 4). The photocurrent images show that there is a central band that extends along the long axis of the substrate which corresponds to the area with the highest photocurrent generation.…”

Section: Donor:acceptor Blending Ratio Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Throughput Multiparametric Screening of Solution Processed Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

Sánchez-Díaz

Rodríguez‐Martínez

Córcoles-Guija

et al. 2018

Adv Elect Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(MDMO-PPV) or poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) combined with soluble fullerenes, [6,7] up to current PCE values exceeding 10% for several systems. [9][10][11][12][13] There is no specific fundamental limitation to organic materials that indicates that much higher values are not possible, and the number of potential candidates is nearly infinite. Indeed, the organic nature of the photoactive materials offers a myriad of possibilities to modify their chemical structure; for the case of conjugated polymers, there exists a vast assortment of combinations depending on the choice of moieties, the bridging atoms, the length and branching points of the alkyl side chains, and the molecular weight, to name but a few. Using search engines to inspect the literature, we estimate that in the last ten years ≈5000 organic conjugated materials have been tested in BHJ solar cells, albeit only a few tenths have been studied and optimized in depth. While applied quantum theory can help to select promising candidates, [14][15][16] the final performance often depends on a number of issues difficult to predict a priori, such as solubility, miscibility of compounds, tendency to crystallize, exact energy levels in the blend, etc. In practice, this means that for a given promising backbone, a family of systems need to be tested, including different side chains, molecular weights, donor:acceptor combinations, etc. [17] Within this large and uncharted spectrum of materials and processing variables, combinatorial screening methodologies are highly on demand to speed up their exploration while helping the technology to approach the theoretical Shockley-Queisser limit of >20% PCE. [18,19] From the engineering point of view, three main aspects must be addressed for the evaluation of a material system for BHJ solar cells, namely the active layer thickness, the donor-acceptor (D:A) blending ratio and the nanoscale morphology (typically controlled by deposition conditions, thermal annealing, and use of additives). Ideally, those three variables can be optimized separately and to some extent it is usually an acceptable approximation; however, the full potential of a novel active layer material requires for fine tuning of the preparation conditions that take into consideration the subtle interplay between them. [20] For instance, the optimum thickness is often found close to the first interference maximum, which is governed by the refractive index of the active layer; this, on the other hand, will be a function of the D:A ratio (fullerenes typically have higher refractive index than polymers) and the degree of crystallinity One of the major bottlenecks in the development of organic photovoltaics is the time needed to evaluate each material system. This time ranges from weeks to months if different variables such as blend composition, thickness, annealing, and additives are to be explored. In this study, the use of lateral gradients is proposed in order to evaluate the photovoltaic potential of a material system up to 50 times faster. A platform that c...

show abstract

Influence of the hole-transport layer on the initial behavior and lifetime of inverted organic photovoltaics

Cited by 114 publications

References 24 publications

Chemical changes in PCPDTBT:PCBM solar cells using XPS and TOF-SIMS and use of inverted device structure for improving lifetime performance

Chemical changes in PCPDTBT:PCBM solar cells using XPS and TOF-SIMS and use of inverted device structure for improving lifetime performance

Stability of Polymer Solar Cells

High‐Throughput Multiparametric Screening of Solution Processed Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About