Influence of the enzyme concentration on the phase behaviour for developing a homogeneous enzymatic reaction in ionic liquid–CO2 media

Bermejo, M. Dolores; Kotlewska, Aleksandra J.; Florusse, Louw J.; Cocero, Marı́a José; Rantwijk, Fred van; Peters, Cor J.

doi:10.1039/b805011b

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Our group also suggested both free and immobilized CALB in [EMIM][OTf] were about as inactive as in [BMIM][dca]. Bermejo et al observed that free CALB lost 35% of its initial activity once being dissolved in [HOPMIm][NO 3 ], but maintained 80% of the remaining activity after 3 months of incubation in this IL. The CALB activity loss in [HOPMIm][NO 3 ] was primarily due to the denaturing effect of NO 3 − as discussed earlier.…”

Section: Specific Ion Effect Of Ils On Protein Structures and Enzyme mentioning

confidence: 67%

Protein stabilization and enzyme activation in ionic liquids: specific ion effects

Zhao

2015

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

248

192

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There are still debates on whether the hydration of ions perturbs the water structure, and what is the degree of such disturbance; therefore, the origin of Hofmeister effect on protein stabilization continues being questioned. For this reason, it is suggested to use the ‘specific ion effect’ instead of other misleading terms such as Hofmeister effect, Hofmeister series, lyotropic effect, and lyotropic series. In this review, we firstly discuss the controversial aspect of inorganic ion effects on water structures, and several possible contributors to the specific ion effect of protein stability. Due to recent overwhelming attraction of ionic liquids (ILs) as benign solvents in many enzymatic reactions, we further evaluate the structural properties and molecular-level interactions in neat ILs and their aqueous solutions. Next, we systematically compare the specific ion effects of ILs on enzyme stability and activity, and conclude that (a) the specificity of many enzymatic systems in diluted aqueous IL solutions is roughly in line with the traditional Hofmeister series albeit some exceptions; (b) however, the specificity follows a different track in concentrated or neat ILs because other factors (such as hydrogen-bond basicity, nucelophilicity, and hydrophobicity, etc) are playing leading roles. In addition, we demonstrate some examples of biocatalytic reactions in IL systems that are guided by the empirical specificity rule.

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Section: Specific Ion Effect Of Ils On Protein Structures and Enzyme mentioning

confidence: 67%

Protein stabilization and enzyme activation in ionic liquids: specific ion effects

Zhao

2015

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

248

192

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“…Reports have easily been available on the biocatalysis reactions in the mixture solvents of IL and SC-CO 2 fluid [97][98][99][100]. Bogel-Łukasik et al [101] applied a ternary system of [Omim] [PF 6 ]/SC-CO 2 /products for the acylation of (R,S)-2-octanol with succinic anhydride catalyzed by lipase.…”

Section: Biocatalysis In Combined Mixture Solvents Of Ionic Liquid Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme Stability and Activity in Non-Aqueous Reaction Systems: A Mini Review

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Enormous interest in biocatalysis in non-aqueous phase has recently been triggered due to the merits of good enantioselectivity, reverse thermodynamic equilibrium, and no water-dependent side reactions. It has been demonstrated that enzyme has high activity and stability in non-aqueous media, and the variation of enzyme activity is attributed to its conformational modifications. This review comprehensively addresses the stability and activity of the intact enzymes in various non-aqueous systems, such as organic solvents, ionic liquids, sub-/super-critical fluids and their combined mixtures. It has been revealed that critical factors such as Log P, functional groups and the molecular structures of the solvents define the microenvironment surrounding the enzyme molecule and affect enzyme tertiary and secondary structure, influencing enzyme catalytic properties. Therefore, it is of high importance for biocatalysis in non-aqueous media to elucidate the links between the microenvironment surrounding enzyme surface and its stability and activity. In fact, a better understanding of the correlation between different non-aqueous environments and enzyme structure, stability and activity can contribute to identifying the most suitable reaction medium for a given biotransformation.

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“…ILs such as [bmim][PF 6 ] are known to form biphasic systems with scCO 2 , [54] whereby the scCO 2 is highly soluble in the IL phase and can extract hydrophobic molecules but the IL has no measurables olubility in scCO 2. [57] In another elaboration of the biphasic IL/scCO 2 concept, the free enzyme is absorbed in as upported IL phase( SILP), pre-pared by covalenta ttachment of an IL to ap olymerics upport, such as crossl inked polystyrene, and used in scCO 2. as the mobile phase. The product is subsequently obtained free of the IL by decompression of the scCO 2 and the latter can be recycled by recompression, affording at ruly green process.…”

Section: Downstream Processinga Nd Product Separation In Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocatalysis and Biomass Conversion in Alternative Reaction Media

Sheldon

2016

Chemistry A European J

154

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In this Minireview, the state of the art in the use of ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as alternative reaction media for biocatalytic processes and biomass conversion is presented. Initial, proof-of-concept studies, more than a decade ago, involved first-generation ILs based on dialkylimidazolium cations and non-coordinating anions, such as tetrafluoroborate and hexafluorophosphate. More recently, emphasis has switched to more environmentally acceptable second-generation ILs comprising cations, which are designed to be compatible with enzymes and, in many cases are derived from readily available, renewable resources, such as cholinium salts. Protic ionic liquids (PILs), prepared simply by mixing inexpensive amines and acids, are particularly attractive from both an environmental and economic viewpoint. DESs, prepared by mixing inexpensive salts with, preferably renewable, hydrogen-bond donors such as glycerol and amino acids, have also proved suitable reaction media for biocatalytic conversions. A broad range of enzymes can be used in ILs, PILs and DESs, for example lipases in biodiesel production. These neoteric solvents are of particular interest, however, as reaction media for biocatalytic conversions of substrates that have limited solubility in common organic solvents, such as carbohydrates, nucleosides, steroids and polysaccharides. This has culminated in the recent focus of attention on their use as (co)solvents in the pretreatment and saccharification of lignocellulose as the initial steps in the conversion of second-generation renewable biomass into biofuels and chemicals. They can similarly be used as reaction media in subsequent conversions of hexoses and pentoses into platform chemicals.

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Influence of the enzyme concentration on the phase behaviour for developing a homogeneous enzymatic reaction in ionic liquid–CO2 media

Cited by 33 publications

References 51 publications

Protein stabilization and enzyme activation in ionic liquids: specific ion effects

Protein stabilization and enzyme activation in ionic liquids: specific ion effects

Enzyme Stability and Activity in Non-Aqueous Reaction Systems: A Mini Review

Biocatalysis and Biomass Conversion in Alternative Reaction Media

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