Influence of the Direction of Eye Turn on the Appearance of Strabismus

Dolven, Julie; Lucas, J; West, Roger W.

doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e3182107cbc

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…At present, the main treatment for strabismus is surgery. Strabismus correction surgery can restore the balance of extraocular muscle strength by weakening the muscles with excessive contraction and strengthening the muscles with insufficient contraction [ 15 , 16 ]. After surgical treatment, the patient can get the ideal first eye position, change the strabismus appearance, achieve the cosmetic effect, and further improve the quality of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation on the Curative Effect of Microsurgery in 154 Children with Strabismus and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

Zhao

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Strabismus is a common ophthalmic disease in the process of child body development, in which the two eyes cannot gaze at the target at the same time, and the incidence of this disease of children is higher. In children with esotropia, exotropia, and up and down strabismus and other typical symptoms, the cause is genetic, innerve, and refractive and regulated, and not receiving timely treatment may lead to stereo vision and diplopia and other phenomena, affecting their learning and life. Surgical treatment is the main treatment for strabismus at present. Traditional orthodontic surgery is performed by doctors under the naked eye, often due to improper operation or suture error and other factors, resulting in more postoperative complications, such as more tissue damage, conjunctival congestion, and muscle suture reaction, which seriously affect the clinical effect of surgical treatment. In recent years, with the continuous development of microsurgical technology, the correction of strabismus under a microscope has been widely carried out in clinic. The operation under the microscope makes the operation more delicate and accurate, overcomes the defects of traditional surgery, and highlights the advantages of minimally invasive surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of microsurgical techniques in the treatment of strabismus in children and to analyze the factors influencing the outcome. The results showed that microsurgical strabismus correction in the treatment of strabismus children has short operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, short hospital stay, high efficiency, and less complications, which is worthy of popularization. Age, preoperative strabismus angle, refractive error, distance stereopsis injury, near stereoscopic injury, and duration of disease were all independent influencing factors of postoperative efficacy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation on the Curative Effect of Microsurgery in 154 Children with Strabismus and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

Zhao

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Symons et al (2004) also tested monocular gaze, but for only one eye of their model, and found an outward shift, but they did not suggest what might cause this. This shift of monocular gaze from 0 is probably due, at least in part, to angle kappa, which in most individuals causes the anterior-posterior axis of symmetry of their eyes to be directed outward from the true direction of gaze (Emsley, 1953;Dolven et al, 2011;Park et al, 2012). Although the angle kappa deviation is usually outward in most eyes, it does differ in amount between individuals and must be measured.…”

Section: Straight Head-centered Gazementioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the eye of a gazer has a typical outward angle kappa, monocular gaze from that eye can give an outward shift in the judged direction of gaze. Angle kappa can be measured and subtracted from the perceived direction of gaze in order to reduce that bias (Mondero, Crotty, & West, 2013;Stuteville, King, & West, 2007;West, 2010West, , 2011West & VanVeen, 2007), but angle kappa may not be the entire reason for the outward deviation of judged monocular gaze (Dolven, Lucas, & West, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Judged Direction of Gaze From Heads Imaged in 3-D versus 2-D

West

2015

Perception

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Observers viewed a model imaged on an LCD monitor in 3-D or 2-D as she gazed at points along a horizontally oriented meter stick from a distance of 80 cm. Her head was either straight or turned 20 degrees to the side, and for each head orientation, her gaze was straight, 10 degrees, or 20 degrees to the side, with her eyes individually open, both open, or both closed. For images in which both eyes were closed, the observers pointed along the same meter stick to where they judged her head to be pointed. When one or both eyes were open they judged where she appeared to be gazing. Gaze from the 2-D images agreed with previous studies. A comparison of the results from the 2-D versus 3-D images showed that the judgments were virtually identical for gaze from the straight versus turned head in all combinations of straight versus averted gaze, eyes individually open versus both open. The judgments were also virtually identical for head point. This suggests that 2-D studies that have used procedures similar to those described in this study may be applied to real world 3-D gaze perception.

show abstract

“…[A more extensive discussion of angle l can be found in Dolven et al (2011), Hashemi et al (2010), and Kluttz et al (2009). ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Head Turn and Illumination on the Perceived Direction of Gaze

West

2013

Perception

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thirty observers judged the direction of monocular and binocular gaze from a model's LCD-imaged head when the head, gaze, and illumination were either straight or turned 20.6 degrees to the side. The judged direction of binocular eye contact from a turned head was judged to go past the direction of the observer, while judged monocular gaze from the eye toward the observer followed that for binocular gaze. Although judged monocular gaze from the eye away from the observer also passed the observer, it did so by a smaller amount. The judged direction of binocular gaze in the same direction as the head turn was judged to pass the direction of the head turn. The judged direction of monocular gaze from the eye away from the observer was nearly true, but the judged direction of monocular gaze from the eye toward the observer was judged as closer to the observer than true. Illumination of the model's head from the side made the direction of both head turn and gaze appear to move away from the direction of the light source. These results are discussed in connection with angle k and the perceived direction of head turn.

show abstract

Influence of the Direction of Eye Turn on the Appearance of Strabismus

Abstract: When a strabismus is to be evaluated or corrected purely for cosmetic reasons, the results may differ depending on the value of angle kappa and whether the criterion for good cosmesis is ocular deviation or eye contact.

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Observation on the Curative Effect of Microsurgery in 154 Children with Strabismus and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

Observation on the Curative Effect of Microsurgery in 154 Children with Strabismus and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

Differences in the Judged Direction of Gaze From Heads Imaged in 3-D versus 2-D

The Effect of Head Turn and Illumination on the Perceived Direction of Gaze

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About